Production of C_𝟑+ Olefins and Propylene from Ethanol by Zr-Modified H-ZSM-5 Zeolite Catalysts

Table 1

Catalytic activity of H-ZSM-5 and (Fe or Zr)/H-ZSM-5 zeolite catalysts.

Metal	EtOH	EtOH conv./%	C-selectivity/%
			Ethylene	C3+ olefins	(Propylene)	Paraffins	Aromatics
No (500)	Neat EtOH	86.4	19.1	21.3	8.6	25.3	33.8
	Vodka + EtOH	99.2	17.8	21.8	11.4	14.5	45.6
No (700)	Neat EtOH	84.3	48.9	22.6	8.3	13.7	12.0
	Vodka + EtOH	61.5	45.0	18.9	7.3	11.6	18.6
Fe	Neat EtOH	72.0	48.3	22.9	9.2	13.7	13.1
	Vodka + EtOH	86.3	49.7	21.2	8.2	12.2	15.5
Zr (1 wt%)	Neat EtOH	86.4	26.7	28.8	14.2	19.0	24.6
	Vodka + EtOH	99.2	22.0	29.8	14.2	18.3	29.6
Zr (2 wt%)	Neat EtOH	93.7	29.0	27.3	13.8	18.2	24.5
	Vodka + EtOH	94.8	24.1	26.5	12.8	17.3	31.4
Zr (5 wt%)	Neat EtOH	77.5	31.0	26.2	12.5	17.4	23.4
	Vodka + EtOH	96.7	22.4	30.7	14.3	18.8	26.2
Zr (10 wt%)	Neat EtOH	91.9	25.3	34.8	15.2	21.8	16.7
	Vodka + EtOH	69.0	45.6	20.2	9.0	13.7	18.5

Numbers of 500 and 700 mean calcination temperature (°C).