Structure, Mechanism, and Application of Vacuum Insulation Panels in Chinese Buildings

Table 1

Characteristics of different core materials.

Type	Representative material	Advantages	Disadvantages
Fiber	Glass fiber	Low thermal conductivity, easy processing of ultrathin fibers, stable size, allowable contraction and expansion, being nonhygroscopic, and recoverability after contact with water	Caution during packaging, requirement of high vacuum
Foam	Foam polymer	Low thermal conductivity, lightweight, waterproofing	Requirement of instruction from technical staff, large contraction and expansion, service temperature below 350 K (77°C), flammable
Powder	Gas-phase silica, expanded perlite	Low thermal conductivity, low density, low cost, fire retardant, nontoxicity, easy to achieve vacuum	Nonelasticity under pressure, difficulty to mold