Pull-Out Resistance Capacity of a New Perfobond Shear Connector for Steel Pile Cap Strengthening

Table 4

Failure modes of test specimens.

Specimen	Failure characteristics			Ultimate failure mode
	Concrete delamination; and cracking	Yielding and fracture of the; steel flat-plate shear connector	Pull-out of the; perforated flat-plate
PN-0015-N	X	X	O	Type I
PO-5015-N	X	X	O	Type II
PO-6015-N	X	X	O
PO-4015-R	O	X	O	Type III
PO-5015-R	O	X	O
PO-6015-R	X	O	X	Type IV
PO-5027-N	X	O	X
PO-5027-R	X	O	X
PU-5027-N	X	O	X
PU-5027-R	O	O	O	Type V