Morphology of Near- and Semispherical Melted Chips after the Grinding Processes Using Sol-Gel Abrasives Based on SEM-Imaging and Analysis
Table 5
Selected geometrical parameters available in Image Pro®-Plus 5.1 software, used during morphological analysis of selected features characterizing spherical melted chips.
Parameter
Designation
Unit
Description
IPP
SI
Area
pixel
μm2
Reports the area of each object (minus any holes).
Perimeter
pixel
μm
Measurement to report the length of the outline of each object using a polygonal outline.
Fractal dimension
—
—
Reports the fractal dimension of the object’s outline.
Size
length
pixel
μm
Reports the caliper length along a major/minor axis of the object.
width
pixel
μm
Diameter
min.
pixel
μm
Reports the length of the shortest/longest line joining two outline points and passing through the centroid.
max.
pixel
μm
Feret
min.
pixel
μm
Reports the longest/average caliper (Feret) length.
max.
pixel
μm
Radius
min.
pixel
μm
Minimum/Maximum distance between object’s centroid and outline.
max.
pixel
μm
Roundness
—
—
Reports the roundness of each object. Circular objects will have a = 1; other shapes will have a roundness > 1.
IPP – Image Pro®-Plus, SI – International System of Units, Using this assumption, the authors adopted the following values: ideal spherical melted chip – = 1, near-spherical melted chip – = 1–1.5, semi-spherical melted chip – > 1.5.
