A Review of Additive Mixed-Electric Discharge Machining: Current Status and Future Perspectives for Surface Modification of Biomedical Implants

Table 1

Routinely used metallic biomaterials and their primary applications [23, 41, 42].

Routinely used biomaterials	Applications
Stainless steel	Orthopedic: for total hip replacement and production of temporary devices such as plates, screws, pins, and nails
Co-based	Orthopedic: for total joint replacement; Dentistry castings
Ti-based	Orthopedic: for stem and cup total hip replacement, production of permanent devices such as nails and face makers; Dentistry: dental screws (permanent implant)