Performance of Retrofitted Self-Compacting Concrete-Filled Steel Tube Beams Using External Steel Plates

Figure 8

Failure modes of tested beams (general). (a) Group A retrofitting scheme (single bottom plate: SB). (b) Group B retrofitting scheme (top and bottom plates: TB). (c) Group C retrofitting scheme (double bottom plates: DB).

(a)

(b)

(c)