Assessment of Flexural Behavior of Pultruded GFRP Laminates for Bridge Deck Applications

<table class="table-group" id="tab1"><tr><td><table class="table"><tr><td class="thead-hr" colspan="7"><hr/></td></tr><tr class="thead"><td class="align_left">Longitudinal modulus (<i>E</i><sub>f1</sub>)</td><td class="align_center">Transverse modulus (<i>E</i><sub>f2</sub>)</td><td class="align_center">Poisson’s ratio (<span class="nowrap"><svg height="8.99888pt" id="M1" style="vertical-align:-3.18151pt" version="1.1" viewbox="-0.0498162 -5.81737 9.13423 8.99888" width="9.13423pt" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,0)"><path d="M219 86C216 168 211 250 206 337C201 410 189 448 163 448C131 448 79 396 43 344L60 322C91 359 110 375 118 375S132 358 136 298C141 238 152 81 155 -12H182C242 62 331 177 390 258C435 321 451 360 451 391C450 424 432 448 408 448C390 448 372 435 366 419C362 410 362 401 366 394C373 383 376 367 376 350C376 283 262 138 221 86H219Z"></path></g><g transform="matrix(.0091,0,0,-0.0091,5.811,3.132)"><path d="M54 437L27 408L31 397H101V103C101 37 94 32 30 26V0H266V25C187 33 180 36 180 110V397H288C299 404 304 428 298 437H180V477C179 562 190 610 203 630C214 647 230 659 256 659C289 659 318 641 337 622C346 612 355 612 364 619C374 627 380 635 383 643C388 655 387 667 378 678C362 697 333 710 299 712C260 707 225 689 189 659C135 613 119 563 112 541S101 490 101 458V437H54Z"></path></g></svg>)</span></td><td class="align_center">Shear modulus (<span class="nowrap"><svg height="11.8174pt" id="M2" style="vertical-align:-3.1815pt" version="1.1" viewbox="-0.0498162 -8.6359 12.1615 11.8174" width="12.1615pt" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,0)"><path d="M673 297H417L411 270C517 261 522 258 506 183L487 92C476 38 428 19 360 19C207 19 123 132 123 287C123 472 243 631 441 631C557 631 617 583 617 469L647 472C650 545 655 604 658 632C625 643 554 666 467 666C201 666 23 502 23 278C23 90 156 -16 339 -16C410 -16 501 6 569 24C566 43 567 70 573 101L589 183C604 259 607 262 667 271L673 297Z"></path></g><g transform="matrix(.0091,0,0,-0.0091,8.827,3.132)"><path d="M54 437L27 408L31 397H101V103C101 37 94 32 30 26V0H266V25C187 33 180 36 180 110V397H288C299 404 304 428 298 437H180V477C179 562 190 610 203 630C214 647 230 659 256 659C289 659 318 641 337 622C346 612 355 612 364 619C374 627 380 635 383 643C388 655 387 667 378 678C362 697 333 710 299 712C260 707 225 689 189 659C135 613 119 563 112 541S101 490 101 458V437H54Z"></path></g></svg>)</span></td><td class="align_center">Tensile strength (<i>X</i><sub>ft</sub>)</td><td class="align_center">Compressive strength (<i>X</i><sub>fc</sub>)</td><td class="align_center">Density (<i>ρ</i>)</td></tr><tr><td class="thead-hr" colspan="7"><hr/></td></tr><tr><td class="align_left">74.0 GPa</td><td class="align_center">74.0 GPa</td><td class="align_center">0.20</td><td class="align_center">30.80 GPa</td><td class="align_center">2,150 MPa</td><td class="align_center">1,450 MPa</td><td class="align_center">2,560 kg/m<sup>3</sup></td></tr><tr class="table-tr"><td colspan="7"><hr class="tbody-hr"/></td></tr></table></td></tr></table>

<div>Mechanical properties of E-glass fibers [<a href="/journals/amse/2019/6751636/#B19" target="_blank">19</a>].</div>

Advances in Materials Science and Engineering

tab1

Table 1

Table 1: Assessment of Flexural Behavior of Pultruded GFRP Laminates for Bridge Deck Applications 