Research Article
Estimating the Asphalt Binder Film Thickness Using Scanning Electron Microscope and Energy Dispersive X-Ray Spectroscopy
Table 8
Microscopically measured film thicknesses at optimized binder content of 4.36% to 4.12% and temperature 140°C to 160°C.
| Bitumen content (%) | Temperature (°C) | Film thicknesses by SEM (μm) | Minimum film thickness (μm) | Maximum film thickness (μm) |
| 4.36 | 140 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 2.4 | 0.8 | 0.9 | 1 | 1.3 | 2.4 | 4.23 | 150 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 2.35 | 1 | 1.2 | 1.3 | 1.6 | 1.7 | 2.35 | 4.12 | 160 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 2.4 | 1.1 | 1.3 | 1.7 | 1.8 | 2.4 |
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