Research Article
Prevalence and Risk Factors for Complications in Patients with Nontransfusion Dependent Alpha- and Beta-Thalassemia
Table 2
Characteristics of the study populations.
| | Parameter | Frequency, number (%) |
| | Gender | | | Male | 40 (40%) | | Female | 60 (60%) | | Age | | | <40 years | 54 (54%) | | ≥40 years | 46 (46%) | | Region | | | Northern Thailand | 97 (97%) | | Other | 3 (3%) | | Comorbidities | | | Cerebrovascular disease | 2 (2%) | | Chronic lung disease | 4 (4%) | | Chronic kidney disease | 11 (11%) | | Cirrhosis | 9 (9%) | | Diabetes mellitus | 11 (11%) | | Dyslipidemia | 2 (2%) | | Endocrine disease | 16 (16%) | | Eye-ENT disease | 4 (4%) | | Gynecologic disease | 4 (4%) | | Heart disease | 8 (8%) | | Hypertension | 7 (7%) | | HBV infection | 27 (27%) | | HCV infection | 12 (12%) | | Malignancy | 4 (4%) | | Seizure | 4 (4%) | | Personal history | | | Alcohol drinking | 14 (14%) | | Herb use | 1 (1%) | | Smoking | 4 (4%) | | Thalassemia type | | | Alpha-thalassemia | 54 (54%) | | Hemoglobin H | 38 (38%) | | Hemoglobin H/CS | 16 (16%) | | Beta-thalassemia | 46 (46%) | | Beta-thalassemia and HbE disease | 36 (36%) | | Beta-thalassemia intermedia | 10 (10%) | | Hemoglobin | | | Mean hemoglobin level | 7.8 g/dL | | Platelet | | | Mean platelet count | 330,900/mm3 | | Serum ferritin, ng/mL | | | Mean ferritin | 1,563.46 ng/mL | | Maximum ferritin > 800 ng/mL | 76 (76%) |
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Hemoglobin H/CS: hemoglobin H with Hb constant spring.
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