Developments in Gigascale Silicon Optical Modulators Using Free Carrier Dispersion Mechanisms

Figure 11

Optical eye diagram of the PN-diode-based modulator.

(a) 1 mm phase shifter at 40 Gbps. Single-ended drive signal = 6.2 V _pp with DC bias of 3.1 V. Measured ER = 1.1 dB

(b) 3 mm phase shifter at 10 Gbps. Dual drive signal = 7.6 V _pp differential with DC bias of 2 V. Measured ER = 5.2 dB