Table 1
Rationale for the ingredients included in After-Effect©.
| Ingredients | Dose1 | Effect | Improved symptoms2 | Reference |
| Borago seeds oil (22% GLA) | 1500 mg | Precursor of prostaglandin1 | Headache, laziness, being tired | [18] | Magnesium | 56.25 mg | Might be deficient | Withdrawal symptoms | [19, 20] | Headaches | [21] | B6 vitamin | 2 mg | Role in immune system | Uncomfortable feeling | [22] | B1 vitamin | 4.2 mg | Might be deficient | Impatience, restlessness | [22, 23] | C vitamin | 120 mg | Antioxidative properties | — | [24] | Fish oil (18% EPA, 12% DHA) | 157.5 mg | Anti-IL1 effect | — | [25] | Pro-inflammatory cytokines↓ | — | [26] | Silybum marianum (2% silymarin) | 80 mg | Hepatoprotective properties | — | [27–29] | Opuntia ficus indica (polar extract) | 60 mg | Anti-oxidative properties | — | [24] |
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1Total dose of 5 capsules. 2Only those symptoms that showed a significant improvement during alcohol hangover are listed. GLA: gamma-linolenic acid, EPA: eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), and DHA: docosahexaenoic acid.
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