Oleander Stem and Root Standardized Extracts Mitigate Acute Hyperglycaemia by Limiting Systemic Oxidative Stress Response in Diabetic Mice

Table 1

Effect of NOSE and NORE on serum enzymatic and biochemical parameters.

	Control	Alloxan
		T1D	Glibenclamide	NOSE	NORE
ACP	3.39 ± 0.09	8.06 ± 0.76	5.79 ± 0.25^δ	6.15 ± 0.38^γ	5.06 ± 0.24^γ
ALP	10.90 ± 1.07	21.85 ± 1.52	11.61 ± 1.25^NSα	14.0 ± 0.37^γ	12.44 ± 0.36^NSβ
ALT	43.12 ± 1.57	89.13 ± 7.05	54.72 ± 2.30^γ	65.27 ± 2.38^γ	54.88 ± 5.97^NSγ
AST	68.32 ± 8.08	95.87 ± 4.86^NS	74.90 ± 1.91^NSγ	85.72 ± 3.89^NSβ	73.95 ± 2.24^NSγ
Cholesterol	78.31 ± 6.49	121.29 ± 3.04	75.67 ± 3.07^NSβ	104.92 ± 2.49^NSγ	85.50 ± 4.44^NSα
Triglyceride	92.1 ± 4.15	139.19 ± 5.77	95.91 ± 4.24^NSβ	121.95 ± 5.96^γ	109.97 ± 4.25^γ
Creatinine	0.18 ± 0.01	0.33 ± 0.01	0.19 ± 0.01^NSγ	0.27 ± 0.00^γ	0.25 ± 0.01^β
BUN	8.55 ± 1.08	24.90 ± 3.00	12.19 ± 3.08^NSδ	17.20 ± 0.50^γ	14.08 ± 1.02^γ
Uric acid	1.77 ± 0.15	2.50 ± 0.20^NS	1.90 ± 0.12^NSα	2.09 ± 0.03^NSδ	1.86 ± 0.09^NSγ

^NS = nonsignificant (), , , and vs control. ^α, ^β, ^γ, and ^δ compared to T1D. ACP: acid phosphatase; ALP: alanine aminotransferase; ALT: alanine transaminase; AST: aspartate transaminase; BUN: blood urea nitrogen; NOSE: Nerium oleander stem extract; NORE: Nerium oleander root extract; T1D: type 1 diabetes.