Comparative Triceps Surae Morphology in Primates: A Review

Table 3

The three major patterns of mass distribution of triceps surae variation in mammals.

	Pattern 1: gastrocnemius > plantaris > or ≈ soleus	Pattern 2: gastrocnemius > soleus > plantaris	Pattern 3: soleus > or ≈ gastrocnemius > plantaris (if present)
Known genera	Varecia, Avahi, Propithecus Galagoides, Galago, Otolemur, Tarsius, Rattus, Canis, Mus, Oryctolagus, Lepus, Equus, Loxodonta, Ursus	Papio, Macaca, Microcebus, Hylobates*	Homo, Pan, Gorilla, Pongo, Alouatta
Hypothesized genera	Other non-primate mammals, strepsirrhines other than lorisids	Other cercopithecoids, most platyrrhines (but see pattern three)	Atelines (Ateles, Lagothrix), Lorisines

*Hylobates present an interesting case and call into question some of the hypotheses presented in this study.