Preoperative Anaemia and Associated Postoperative Outcomes in Noncardiac Surgery Patients in Central Region of Ghana
Table 1
Patient baseline characteristics.
Parameter
Total (n = 893)
Preoperative anaemia (n = 485)
No preoperative anaemia (n = 408)
value
Age, mean (range)
44.2 (16–90)
45.3 (16–90)
43.0 (16–85)
0.326
15–49 years
565 (63.3%)
297 (61.2%)
268 (65.7%)
0.370
50 years and above
328 (36.7%)
188 (38.8%)
140 (34.3%)
—
Sex, n (%)
<0.001
Females
454 (50.8%)
293 (60.4%)
161 (39.5%)
—
Males
439 (49.2%)
192 (39.6%)
247 (60.5%)
—
Preoperative Hb concentration
Mean Hb ± SD
12.0 + 2.5 g/dl
10.3 ± 1.8 g/dl
14.1 ± 1.3 g/dl
<0.001
n = 804
n = 428
n = 376
<0.001
Microcytic and/or hypochromatic
396 (49.3%)
245 (57.2%)
151 (40.2%)
—
Normocytic normochromic
400 (49.7%)
179 (41.8%)
221 (58.8%)
—
Macrocytic
8 (1.0%)
4 (0.9%)
4 (1.1%)
—
Grade of surgery, n
0.360
Minor
31 (3.5%)
17 (3.5%)
14 (3.4%)
—
Intermediate
180 (20.2%)
103 (21.2%)
77 (18.9%)
—
Major
672 (75.3%)
360 (74.2%)
312 (76.5%)
—
Complex major
10 (1.1%)
5 (1.0%)
5 (1.2%)
—
Surgical specialty, n (%)
<0.001
General surgery
583 (65.3%)
290 (59.8%)
293 (71.8%)
—
Gynaecology
147 (16.5%)
119 (24.5%)
28 (6.9%)
—
Orthopaedics
49 (5.5%)
19 (3.9%)
30 (7.4%)
—
Urology
51 (5.7%)
26 (5.4%)
25 (6.1%)
—
Plastics
24 (2.7%)
12 (2.5%)
12 (2.9%)
—
Ear, nose, and throat (ENT)
24 (2.7%)
13 (2.7%)
11 (2.7%)
—
Maxillofacial
15 (1.7%)
6 (1.2%)
9 (2.2%)
—
Results are shown as mean (range), mean (±SD), and frequency (percentage); % = percentage of patients; Hb = haemoglobin; data on MCV and MCH were available on 804 (90.0%) patients; grade of surgery was classified using the BUPA Schedule of Procedures [12].
