Are Anesthesiology Providers Good Guessers? Heart Rate and Oxygen Saturation Estimation in a Simulation Setting
Table 3
Repeated measures mixed model results for recording setting, music, and training level on heart rate estimation accuracy.
Effect
Scenario
Visual aid
Experience level
Music experience
Adjusted LS mean
SE
F
value
Setting
Scenario A
−1.1
1.20
158.12
<0.0001
Scenario B
−21.6
1.20
Scenario C
−1.2
1.20
Scenario D
−0.5
1.2
Visual aid
Scenario C
−5.7
1.05
0.79
0.3760
Scenario A
−6.5
1.05
Experience level
Attending
−5.7
1.94
1.13
0.3432
Resident
−6.1
1.25
CRNA
−8.4
1.39
Intern
−4.2
2.32
Music experience
Yes
−6.7
1.56
0.50
0.4820
No
−5.5
0.96
Visual aid × setting
Scenario C
Yes
−1.6
1.45
1.26
0.2870
Scenario B
−21.9
1.45
Scenario C
0.06
1.45
Scenario D
0.54
1.45
Scenario A
No
−0.52
1.45
Scenario B
−21.3
1.45
Scenario A
−2.5
1.45
Scenario D
−1.5
1.45
CRNA, nurse anesthetist; LS, least square; SE, standard error; F, statistic used. Scenario C and scenario A were attempted twice (before increasing and decreasing heart rate).