Research Article

Simplified Assessment of Antiretroviral Adherence and Prediction of Virological Efficacy in HIV-Infected Patients in Cambodia

Table 3

Association between the four measures of adherence and virological failure in the previously HAART-naïve population.

Virological failure: (%)OR [95% CI]

Self-report questionnaire (all three items)*

100% adherent13422 (16.4)1
At least one missed HAART dose228 (36.4)2.91 [1.09–7.76].034

Visual analog scale*

1011020 (18.1)1
9398 (20.5)1.16 [0.46–2.90].78
<972 (28.6)1.8 [0.32–9.95]

Antiretroviral drug concentrations (ng/mL)

1000 for EFV or 3000 for NVP14924 (16.1)1
<1000 for EFV or <3000 for NVP96 (66.7)10.42 [2.43–44.54].002

Macrocytosis (MCV 100 fL)**

Yes14123 (16.3)1
No147 (50)5.13 [1.64–16.02].007

Self-report questionnaire and macrocytosis

100% adherent12118 (14.9)1
At least one mistake3212 (37.5)3.43 [1.43–8.22].006

Self-report questionnaire and drug assays

100% adherent12920 (15.5)1
At least one mistake2710 (37)3.20 [1.28–8].015

OR: odds ratio; CI: confidence interval, *Available for 156 patients, **Available for 155 patients.