Reduced Central Memory CD4+ T Cells and Increased T-Cell Activation Characterise Treatment-Naive Patients Newly Diagnosed at Late Stage of HIV Infection
Table 3
(a) Analysis of the association of demographic and HIV-related characteristics with advanced HIV disease at presentation. (b) Analysis of the association of T-cells subpopulations with advanced HIV disease at presentation.
(a)
Parameters
Advanced HIV disease at presentation
P
(CD4 T cell 200 and/or AIDS defining event)
No (196, 71%)
Yes (79, 29%)
Age, years*
36 (31–44)
42 (34–52)
0.0001
Gender, male°
158 (81)
67 (85)
0.414
Risk group°
0.044
Homosexual
118 (60)
34 (43)
Heterosexual
70 (36)
41 (52)
IDUs
6 (3)
4 (5)
Other
2 (1)
0
Migrants°
50 (26)
23 (29)
0.540
HCV coinfection°
10 (5)
6 (11)
0.304
Calendar year of presentation°
0.136
2007
63 (32)
22 (28)
2008
40 (20)
21 (26)
2009
50 (25)
11 (14)
2010
39 (20)
22 (28)
January–March 2011
4 (3)
3 (4)
HIV-RNA log10 cp/mL*
4.31 (3.17–4.99)
4.68 (1.77–5.37)
0.437
CD4+ T cells/L*
460 (340–614)
110 (56–192)
0.0001
(b)
T-cells immune phenotypes
Advanced HIV disease at presentation
P
(CD4 T cell 200 and/or AIDS defining event)
No (196, 71%)
Yes (79, 29%)
CD4+ T cells %*
26 (20–32)
10 (7–17)
0.0001
CD8+ T cells %*
48 (41–57)
59 (51–66)
0.0001
CD4+CD127+ cells %*
15 (10–22)
6 (3–11)
0.0001
CD8+CD127+ cells %*
10 (8–15)
12 (8–22)
0.05
CD4+CD95+ cells %*
2 (1–4)
2 (1–3)
0.713
CD8+CD95+ cells %*
2 (1–3)
3 (2–6)
0.0001
CD8+CD38+ cells %*
5 (2–10)
11 (3–25)
0.0001
CD8+CD38+CD45R0+ cells %*
11 (7–19)
14 (10–25)
0.008
Data are presented as *median, (Interquartile Range, IQR) and °absolute number, (%). IDUs: injection drug users; migrants: people who were born outside the European community (including people from Eastern Europe, Africa, Asia, and Latin America); HCV: hepatitis C virus. Comparison between categorical variables was assessed by Pearson’s Chi square and between continuous variables by nonparametric Mann-Whitney U test. was considered to denote statistical significance.
