A Systematic Review of Clinical Diagnostic Systems Used in the Diagnosis of Tuberculosis in Children

Table 1

Point-based scoring systems and studies evaluating these systems.

Author	Year	Country	Scoring criteria	Changes	Study type
Stegen et al. [7]	1969	Chile	Kenneth Jones	New	Review with case reports
Mathur et al. [9]	1974	India	Kenneth Jones	Added marasmus to original criteria	Prospective observational
Nair and Philip [10]	1981	India	Kenneth Jones	Changed point values, took away negative points for BCG, added response to treatment	Prospective
Seth [11]	1991	India	Kenneth Jones	Used Nair’s adaptation	Book excerpt
Shah et al. [12]	1992	India	Kenneth Jones	Added history of measles/whooping cough	Prospective observational
Mehnaz and Arif [13]	2005	Pakistan	Kenneth Jones	Modified multiple criteria, added and subtracted criteria	Retrospective case control
Oberhelmen et al. [14]	2006	Peru	Stegen-Toledo	No modifications	Prospective observational
Viani et al. [8]	2008	Mexico	Stegen-Toledo	Added points for positive stain	Retrospective chart review
Edwards [15]	1987	Papau New Guinea	Keith Edwards	Original	Review article
van Beekhuizen [16]	1998	Papua New Guinea	Keith Edwards	No modifications	Prospective observational
Weismuller et al. [17]	2002	Malawi	WHO score chart (modified Keith Edwards)	Added no response to malaria treatment, modified language	Cross-sectional observational study
van Rheenen [18]	2002	Zambia	Keith Edwards	Modified language	Prospective cohort
Narayan et al. [19]	2003	India	Keith Edwards	Added no response to malaria treatment	Prospective observational
Sant'Anna et al. [24]	2006	Brazil	Brazil Ministry of Health	New	Retrospective case control
Sant'Anna et al. [25]	2004	Brazil	Brazil Ministry of Health	No modifications	Retrospective
Pedrozo et al. [23]	2009	Brazil	Brazil Ministry of Health	No modifications	Prospective observational
Fourie et al. [27]	1998	Multiple	New	Set up new scoring criteria by consensus decision	Retrospective
Bergman [28]	1995	Zimbabwe	New	New	Review