Research Article

Morbidity and Mortality Patterns of Hospitalised Adult HIV/AIDS Patients in the Era of Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy: A 4-year Retrospective Review from Zaria, Northern Nigeria

Table 2

Clinical diagnoses of hospitalised HIV/AIDS patients in relation to antiretroviral therapy status and gender.

Diagnosis on presentation ART status ( %) Total M/F
No ART Receiving ART

Tuberculosis
53 (34.9)16 (29.1)69 (33.3)0.87/1
Sepsis 15 (9.2) 6 (7.3) 21 (10.1)1.1/1
Chronic diarrhoea 8 (5.3) 6 (7.3) 14 (6.8)1.8/1
Typhoid fever 8 (5.3) 8 (3.9)1.7/1
Non-TB Pneumonia 8 (5.3) 3 (5.5) 11 (5.3)0.4/1
Disseminated Kaposi’s sarcoma 7 (4.6) 1 (1.8) 8 (3.9)2/1
Cerebral toxoplasmosis 6 (3.9) 1 (1.8) 7 (3.4)2.3/1
Viral meningoencephalitis 5 (3.2) 1 (1.8) 6 (2.9)0.7/1
Demyelinating polyneuropathy 5 (3.2) 5 (2.4)0.7/1
Cryptococcal meningitis 4 (2.6) 1 (1.8) 5 (2.4)4/1
AIDS encephalopathy3 (2%) 3 (1.4)2/1
Non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma3 (2%) 3 (1.4)0.5/1
Acute gastroenteritis (Food poisoning) 2 (1.3%) 2 (3.6) 4 (1.9)0.7/1
Steven Johnson's syndrome 2 (1.3) 2 (3.6) 4 (1.9)1/1
Herpes zoster 2 (1.3) 1 (1.8) 3 (1.4)0.5/1
Acute bacterial meningitis 2 (1.3) 2 (0.9)2/0
Wasting syndrome 2 (1.3) 2 (0.9)1/1
Acute viral hepatitis (HBsAg positive)2 (1.3) 2 (0.9)1/1
HIV nephropathy 2 (1.3) 2 (0.9)1/1
Candidiasis (esophageal; disseminated) 2 (1.3) 2 (0.9)1/1
Vacuolar myelopathy 1 (0.7) 1 (0.5)0/1
Disseminated herpes simplex 1 (0.7) 1 (0.5)0/1
Severe malaria 1 (0.7) 1 (0.5)0/1
Dilated cardiomyopathy 1 (1.8) 1 (0.5)0/1
Primary CNS lymphoma1 (0.7) 1 (0.5)1/0
Glioblastoma multiforme 1 (0.7) 1 (0.5)1/0
Stroke-like state? cause 3 (2) 3 (5.5) 6 (2.9)3/1
Primary liver cell carcinoma1 (0.7)1 (0.5)1/0
Zidovudine-related severe anaemia4 (7.3) 4 (1.9)2/1
Nevirapine-induced hepatoxicity 2 (3.6) 2 (0.9)2/0
Nevirapine-induced Steven’s Johnson syndrome 2 (3.6) 2 (0.9)2/0
Hypertensive heart failure 2 (3.6) 2 (0.9)1/1
Hypertensive renal failure1 (0.7) 2 (3.6) 3 (1.4)0.5/1
Hypertensive haemorrhagic stroke1 (0.7) 1 (0.5)0/1
Peripartum cardiac failure 1 (0.7) 1 (0.5)0/1

NB—M/F is the ratio of number of male patients divided by female patients for each diagnosis in the total population.