Anaemia and Iron Homeostasis in a Cohort of HIV-Infected Patients: A Cross-Sectional Study in Ghana
Table 4
Immunological, haematological, and biochemical profiles of the study population stratified by grade of anaemia.
Parameter
Grade 1 ()
Grade 2 ()
Grade 3 ()
value
Age (yrs)
35.79 ± 10.64
42.36 ± 14.66
33.75 ± 5.85
0.0591
Immunological profile (mean ± SD)
CD4 (cells/mm3)
271.50 ± 121.10
327.60 ± 135.40
148.90 ± 71.13
<0.0001
CD3 (cells/mm3)
1027.00 ± 485.7
1050.00 ± 465.21
1011.00 ± 407.20
0.0008
CD4/CD3
0.24 ± 0.14
0.27 ± 0.07
0.14 ± 0.05
<0.0001
WBC (103/μL)
4.78 ± 1.87
5.58 ± 2.22
5.58 ± 1.67
0.4141
Haematological profile (mean ± SD)
Hb (g/dL)
10.03 ± 0.26
8.92 ± 0.48
6.95 ± 0.54
<0.0001
RBC (106/μL)
3.53 ± 0.43
3.50 ± 0.61
2.95 ± 0.49
<0.0001
HCT (%)
30.88 ± 1.76
27.68 ± 2.32
22.39 ± 1.13
<0.0001
MCV (fL)
88.68 ± 10.99
81.26 ± 13.29
77.60 ± 10.94
<0.0001
MCH (pg)
29.78 ± 4.88
27.34 ± 5.59
24.11 ± 4.44
<0.0001
MCHC (g/dL)
33.61 ± 2.99
33.72 ± 3.89
31.03 ± 2.41
<0.0001
RDW-CV
15.90 ± 1.67
17.01 ± 2.07
18.95 ± 2.55
<0.0001
RDW-SD
52.69 ± 8.64
51.21 ± 7.38
54.11 ± 10.01
0.8142
PLT (103/μL)
237.90 ± 79.93
275.40 ± 105.30
274.90 ± 99.49
0.3053
Biochemical profile (mean ± SD)
Iron (μmol/L)
10.69 ± 4.81
6.46 ± 2.41
5.06 ± 2.75
0.0041
Ferritin (μg/L)
216.1 ± 38.65
196.80 ± 75.50
181.00 ± 83.31
0.2346
Transferrin (mg/dL)
206.70 ± 34.25
234.30 ± 53.28
313.80 ± 46.19
0.0654
TIBC (μg/dL)
262.50 ± 43.49
297.50 ± 66.66
398.50 ± 58.66
0.0654
% TSAT
23.38 ± 9.12
13.24 ± 4.12
8.00 ± 4.78
0.0207
Data are presented as mean ± SD. values were obtained using one-way ANOVA of all variables. represents comparisons with grade 1. represents comparisons with grade 2. = <0.05. = <0.01. = <0.001. = <0.0001. values < 0.05 were considered significant. WBC = White Blood Cells, Hb = haemoglobin, RBC = Red Blood Cells, HCT = haematocrit, MCV = Mean Cell Volume, MCH = Mean Cell Haemoglobin, MCHC = Mean Cell Haemoglobin Concentration, RDW-CV = Red Cell Distribution Width-Cumulative Variance, RDW-SD = Red Cell Distribution Width-Standard Deviation, PLT = platelets, TIBC = Total Iron Binding Capacity, TSAT = transferrin saturation, and HAART = Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy.
