Pharmacokinetic, Pharmacogenetic, and Other Factors Influencing CNS Penetration of Antiretrovirals

Table 4

Summary of the factors affecting antiretroviral drug CNS penetrations.

General factors	Pharmacokinetics/pharmacogenetics	Other factors
(i) Blood-Brain barrier (BBB); (ii) Blood-CSF barrier (BCSFB); (iii) Drug transporter	(i) Drug-drug interactions; (ii) Drug-herb interactions; (iii) Enzyme inhibition/induction; (iv) Polymorphism in drug metabolizing enzyme; (v) Drug-protein binding; (vi) Molecular weight of the antiretroviral drug	(i) Local cerebral blood flow; (ii) Presence of chronic inflammation