Research Article

Does Isoniazid Preventive Therapy Provide Better Treatment Outcomes in HIV-Infected Individuals in Northern Ethiopia? A Retrospective Cohort Study

Table 4

Results of Cox regression analysis for factors associated with survival status among patients living with HIV/AIDS taking IPT and ART versus ART alone in Northern Ethiopia, 2009–2017.

VariableSurvival statusDeath, n (%)CHR [95% CI] valueAHR [95% CI] value
Alive, n (%)

SexFemale1,076 (94.4)64 (5.6)0.465 [0.336–0.643]<0.00010.691 [0.495–0.964]0.030
Male638 (88.2)85 (11.8)ReferenceReferenceReference
ResidenceUrban1,161 (93.0)87 (7.0)0.680 [0.491–0.941]0.0200.595 [0.427–0.831]0.002
Rural553 (89.9)62 (10.1)ReferenceReference
SchedulingUnscheduled641 (89.0)79 (11.0)0.712 [0.606–0.837]0.00011.601 [1.154–2.222]0.005
Scheduled1,073 (93.9)70 (6.1)ReferenceReference
Baseline functional statusBedridden (2)121 (88.3)16 (11.7)2.163 [1.255–3.726]0.0051.617 [0.935–2.796]0.086
Ambulatory (1)415 (86.6)64 (13.4)2.515 [1.790–3.534]<0.00012.324 [1.643–3.288]<0.0001
Working1,178 (94.5)69 (5.5)ReferenceReference
CD4+ T cells (in cells/mm3)≥2501,318 (96.1)54 (3.9)0.176 [0.126–0.246]<0.00010.217 [0.154–0.307]<0.0001
<250396 (80.7)95 (19.3)Reference<0.0001Reference
Exposure to IPTNo1113 (89.6)129 (10.4)ReferenceReference
Yes601 (96.8)20 (3.2)0.296 [0.185–0.474]<0.00010.339 [0.211–0.545]<0.0001

Statistically significant at; statistically significant at . The following factors were analyzed at the crude stage: sex, age, place of residence, scheduling, baseline functional status, specific ARV regimen, body mass index, exposure variable, and WHO clinical staging. AHR: adjusted hazard ratio; ARV: antiretroviral regimen; BMI: body mass index; CD4+ T cells: cluster of differentiation 4 positive T cells; CI: confidence interval; CHR: crude hazard ratio; WHO: World Health Organization.