Incidence of Mortality among Under-Five-Year-Old Children Born to Women Living with HIV and Those Born to Women Not Living with HIV in Botswana: A 5-Year Retrospective Study

Table 2

Cause of death by the reporting physician among under-five children born to women living with and not living with HIV between January 2014 and December 2018 in Botswana (n = 806).

UFC	Overall	Mother status				value
Cause of death	N (%)	Mother living with HIV		Mother not living with HIV
Number	Proportion (%)	Number	Proportion (%)
Prematurity LBW	359 (44.5)	118	42.0^a	241	45.9^b	0.001
Birth asphyxia	81 (10.0)	29	10.3	52	9.9	0.91
Diarrhoea	75 (9.3)	35	12.5	40	7.6	0.67
Septicaemia	64 (7.9)	26	9.3	38	7.2	0.45
Pneumonia	49 (6.1)	23	8.2^a	26	5.0^b	0.03
Malnutrition	33 (4.1)	10	3.6^a	23	4.4^b	0.001
HIV/AIDS	4 (0.5)	4	1.4	—	—	—
Unknown/minor condition	141 (17.5)	36	12.8^a	105	20.0^b	0.001
Total	806 (100)	281	100	525	100

UFC = under-five children, LBW = low birth weight, and ; ; different letters between rows reflect significant differences ().