Probiotic Lactobacillus rhamnosus GR-1 and Lactobacillus reuteri RC-14 May Help Downregulate TNF-Alpha, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10 and IL-12 (p70) in the Neurogenic Bladder of Spinal Cord Injured Patient with Urinary Tract Infections: A Two-Case Study

Figure 1

Comparative urine and serum cytokines from patient 1 and patient 2. Serum and urine samples were collected from the patients at days 0, 7, 14, 30 and 90. Interleukins (IL)-6, IL-8, IL-10, IL-12(p70), and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α were analyzed using a premixed multiplex panel and concentrations calculated by the Bio-Plex Manager software. Differences were considered statistically significant if P-value was <.05.

(a) 𝑃=.154

(b) 𝑃=.22

(c) 𝑃=.15

(d) 𝑃=.055

(e) 𝑃=.015

(f) 𝑃=.055

(g) 𝑃=.055

(h) 𝑃=.309