A Narrative Review on the Pathophysiology and Management for Radiation Cystitis

Table 3

The proposed systemic treatments for radiation cystitis and their levels of evidence.

Systemic agent	Level of evidence	Data
TCDO/WF10	1b	Reduction in use of antibiotics and antispasmodics
		Reduction in recurrence of haematuria at one year [12]
		Side effects include nausea, headache, and anaemia [13]
Flavoxate hydrochloride	2b	Higher doses of 1200 mg improve urodynamic measures [14]
Cranberry products	1b	Reduction in cystitis symptoms with cranberry capsules [15]
		No evidence for use of cranberry juice [16, 17]
Conjugated oestrogen	3	Resolution of haematuria in severe haemorrhagic cystitis [18]