Radiofrequency Ablation-Assisted Zero-Ischemia Robotic Laparoscopic Partial Nephrectomy: Oncologic and Functional Outcomes in 49 Patients

Table 2

Perioperative outcomes and complication.

	RPN		RF-RPN
Mean warm ischemia time, min		31.1		0
Mean total operative time, min		293		370	<0.001
Mean (range), cm		250 (100–800)		231 (50–1200)	0.42
Number of transfusion (%)		4 (11.1%)		4 (8.2%)	0.7
Mean hospital stay (range), days		4.4 (2–12)		3.9 (1–14)	0.2
Mean pathologic tumor size, greatest dimension (range), cm		3.7 (1.5–12)		4.1 (1.2–12)	0.31
Number of pathological diagnosis:	36		49
Renal cell carcinoma (%)		24 (66.7%)		34 (69.4%)	0.8
Benign kidney findings (%)		12 (33.3%)		15 (30.6%)	0.8
Positive surgical margin (%)		1 (3.3%)		2 (4.1%)	0.75
Other malignancies (%)		0 (0%)		0 (0%)
Number of cases requiring collecting system reconstruction (%)		11 (30.6)		37 (76%)	<0.001
Number of patients with urological complications (%)		3 (8.3%)		18 (36.7%)	0.004
Number of patients with urine leak (%)		2 (5.6%)		17 (34.5%)	0.001
Number of patients with nonurological complications excluding hemorrhage (%)		5 (13.9%)		5 (10.2%)	0.7
Number of patients with hemorrhage (%)		4 (11.1%)		3 (6.1%)	0.45
Subsequent procedures/admission needed (%)		4 (11.1%)		8 (16.3%)	0.57

, estimated blood loss.