Pharmacological Relaxation of the Ureter When Using Ureteral Access Sheaths during Ureterorenoscopy: A Randomized Feasibility Study in a Porcine Model

Table 3

Results of NaCl irrigation group. > 1 s = the highest force measured in newton (N) for more than 1 second. In the ureteral lesion column, more than one number indicates more than one lesion.

Study ID	UAS/dilator size (Fr.)	Effect (insertion)	> 1 s before irrigation(N)	> 1 s after irrigation (N)	Ureteral lesions (PULS grade)
1	15	No	4.9	6.1	0
3	15	No	6.2	7.2	3
5	15	Yes	6.4	7.0	1
6	18	No	4.7	N/A	2 + 2
7	15	No	4.8	5.7	0
8	15	Yes	5.3	7.0	2
13	15	No	5.6	5.1	0
14	15	Yes	4.7	4.9	1 + 1 + 1
18	18	No	3.3	N/A	1
19	18	No	3.2	N/A	1
20	15	No	7.6	9.8	1