Nephrolithiasis and Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: A Case-Control Study Evaluating Testosterone and Urinary Stone Metabolic Panels
Table 3
Multivariate analysis using categorical testosterone levels within the PCOS cohort.
Linear regression
β coefficient
Standard error
value
N
Mean ± SD 24 hr urine panel (range):
Calcium (mg/day)
−32.4
38.8
0.406
65
Citrate (mg/day)
−246.3
117.4
0.041
54
Creatinine (g/day)
−0.1
0.1
0.691
56
Oxalate (mg/day)
1.8
4.8
0.705
58
Sodium (mmol/day)
−36.7
18.9
0.058
52
Uric acid (mg/day)
−28.4
57.2
0.621
60
Volume (ml/day)
−449.5
238.7
0.066
53
Mean ± SD stone composition % (range):
CaOMH
11.9
13.6
0.392
24
CaODH
3.6
10.9
0.743
24
CaPh
2.5
12.9
0.851
24
CaHPh
−14.4
9.5
0.144
24
MAP
−9.6
6.3
0.145
24
UA
1.8
2.4
0.481
24
Logistic regression
Odds ratio
95% CI
value
N
No. abnormality (%):
Hypercalciuria (>200 mg/day)
1.0
0.32–3.33
0.955
65
Hypocitraturia (<550 mg/day)
0.2
0.04–0.94
0.042
54
Hyperoxaluria (>40 mg/day)
1.9
0.50–7.14
0.340
58
Hypernatriuria (>150 mmol/day)
13.3
1.49–100
0.021
52
Hyperuricosuria (>750 mg/day)
6250
4 × 1022–9 × 10−16
0.693
60
Low volume (<2000 ml/day)
0.2
0.04–1.19
0.079
53
No. greater than 70% mixed (%)
1.0
0.11–9.09
0.978
24
Note: confounding variables adjusted for age, BMI, and metformin status with high or normal testosterone classification as an independent variable. Odds ratio is reported as the likelihood of a high testosterone PCOS patient having a given urine or stone analysis finding. Negative β coefficient indicates an elevation of that parameter in the high testosterone cohort. CI = confidence interval.
