Review Article

Budding of Enveloped Viruses: Interferon-Induced ISG15—Antivirus Mechanisms Targeting the Release Process

Table 1

L-domains found in enveloped virus proteins, which bud from the cell membrane in an ESCRT-dependent process: Lassa fever virus (LFV) [39], lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (LCMV) [39, 40], Ebola virus (EboV) [2], Marberg virus (MarV) [41], hepititus B virus (HBV) [42], Herpes simplex virus, type 1 (HSV-1) [43], Simian virus, type 5 (SV5) [44], Mumps virus (MuV) [45], avian sarcoma leukemia virus (ASLV) [11, 14, 15], human immunodeficiency virus, type 1 (HIV-1) [2, 10, 27], human T-lymphotropic virus, type 1 (HTLV-1) [2], equine infectious anemia virus (EIAV) [12, 16], vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) [46], and rabies virus (RV) [47].

Virus speciesVirusProteinAmino acid sequence containing L-domain

ArenavirusLFV ZAAPTAPPTGAADSIPPPYSP
LCMV ZTAPSSPPPYEE

FilovirusEboV VP40MRRVILPTAPPEYMEAI
MarV VP40NTYMQYLNPPPYADHS

HepadnavirusHBVCore proteinPPAY

HerpesvirusHSV-1 EPPTY

ParamyxovirusSV5 MQSIKAFPIVINSDG
MuV MRLNA FPIVMGQ

RetrovirusASLVp2B of GagATASAPPPPYVGSGLYPSL
HIV-1p6 of GagPEPTAPPFLQSRPEPTAPPEES..ELYPLTSLR
HTLV-IMA of GagDPQIPPPYVEPTAP
EIAV p9 of Gag QNLYPDLSEIK

RhabdovirusVSV MLGIAPPPYEEDTSMEYAPSAP
RV MDDLWLPPPEYVPLKEL