Occurrence of Enteric Viruses in Surface Water and the Relationship with Changes in Season and Physical Water Quality Dynamics
Table 3
Two-way analysis of variance with post hoc analysis using Tukey’s HSD on physical parameters and viruses present.
Treatment
pH
Temp. (°C)
EC (μS/cm)
TDS (mg/l)
DO (mg/l)
Turbidity (NTU)
HAdV detected
EV detected
Season
Dry
7.00 ± 0.00a
25.90 ± 0.03a
70.73 ± 3.89a
50.14 ± 3.24a
8.81 ± 0.12a
9.98 ± 0.25a
0.05 ± 0.02a
0.03 ± 0.02a
Wet
7.03 ± 0.011072b
25.56 ± 0.07a
0.28 ± 0.05b
47.56 ± 2.08b
8.58 ± 0.11b
19.73 ± 0.85b
0.056 ± 0.02a
0.04 ± 0.02a
Site
S1
7.00 ± 0.0b
25.47 ± 0.13c
56.97 ± 11.40a
87.17 ± 6.13a
9.55 ± 0.20a
6.06 ± 0.25e
0.03 ± 0.03a
0.03 ± 0.03a
S2
7.00 ± 0.00b
25.78 ± 0.07abc
60.02 ± 10.14a
30.58 ± 1.66c
9.46 ± 0.24a
16.00 ± 1.05c
0.00 ± 0.00b
0.03 ± 0.03a
S3
7.00 ± 0.00b
25.83 ± 0.06ba
34.63 ± 5.90b
50.72 ± 1.58b
8.46 ± 0.17bc
11.00 ± 0.40d
0.06 ± 0.04a
0.00 ± 0.00a
S4
7.00 ± 0.00b
25.53 ± 0.13bc
20.62 ± 3.38c
25.47 ± 0.78d
8.63 ± 0.15b
15.50 ± 1.11c
0.00 ± 0.00b
0.00 ± 0.00a
S5
7.06 ± 0.03a
25.83 ± 0.06ab
3.91 ± 0.00c
50.00 ± 3.66b
8.08 ± 0.11bc
21.50 ± 1.56a
0.14 ± 0.06a
0.08 ± 0.05a
S6
7.03 ± 0.02ab
25.92 ± 0.05a
4.25 ± 0.00c
49.17 ± 3.52b
7.98 ± 0.10c
19.08 ± 1.34b
0.08 ± 0.05a
0.06 ± 0.04a
WHO standards
6.5–8.5
25°C ± 2
500–5000
500–1000
8–9
<5
P values
Season
0.0090
<0.0001
<0.0001
0.0028
0.0447
<.0001
0.7440
0.7010
Site
0.0077
0.0002
<0.0001
<0.0001
0.0447
<.0001
0.0373
0.3046
Values followed by the same letter along the column are not significantly different based on Tukey’s HSD at . EC: electrical conductivity, TDS: total dissolved solids, and DO: dissolved oxygen.
