Estimation of Copper and Cadmium Bioavailability in Contaminated Soil Remediated by Different Plants and Micron Hydroxyapatite

Table 3

Shoot biomass and Cu and Cd accumulation in each plant during phytoextraction.

Treatment	Shoot biomass (t·hm^−2)			Metal accumulation (g·hm^−2)
							Cu	Cd
	2013	2014	2015	2013	2014	2015	2013	2014	2015
CK	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
MW	10.1 ± 4.91bc	8.55 ± 1.52bc	5.20 ± 0.560c	236 ± 148c	285 ± 20.5b	224 ± 93.2b	10.4 ± 3.96b	10.3 ± 4.27b	6.50 ± 2.23c
ME	15.1 ± 4.17ab	12.6 ± 1.38b	14.4 ± 4.22b	2.74 × 103 ± 437a	2.54 × 103 ± 759a	2.93 × 103 ± 1.28 × 103a	39.2 ± 15.0a	32.1 ± 8.59a	37.6 ± 8.49b
MS	2.25 ± 0.365c	2.10 ± 0.210c	2.70 ± 0.468c	1.03 × 103 ± 266c	910 ± 92.8b	1.28 × 103 ± 395ab	29.8 ± 3.94ab	29.5 ± 1.10a	38.1 ± 5.15ab
MP	22.3 ± 3.36a	29.2 ± 6.10a	37.7 ± 4.14a	1.88 × 103 ± 353b	2.98 × 103 ± 949a	3.81 × 103 ± 1.40 × 103a	29.1 ± 4.46ab	39.8 ± 8.97a	52.0 ± 3.94a

CK = untreated soil, MW = hydroxyapatite + Setaria lutescens, ME = hydroxyapatite + Elsholtzia splendens, MS = hydroxyapatite + Sedum plumbizincicola, MP = hydroxyapatite + Pennisetum sp. Different lowercase letters indicate significant differences between treatments in the same year (n = 3, ). — indicates no plant growth.