Oxidative Damage to RNA in Neurodegenerative Diseases

Nunomura, Akihiko; Honda, Kazuhiro; Takeda, Atsushi; Hirai, Keisuke; Zhu, Xiongwei; Smith, Mark A.; Perry, George

doi:https://doi.org/10.1155/JBB/2006/82323

BioMed Research International

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Neurodegenerative Diseases: Mechanisms and Therapies

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Review Article | Open Access

Volume 2006 | Article ID 082323 | https://doi.org/10.1155/JBB/2006/82323

Oxidative Damage to RNA in Neurodegenerative Diseases

Akihiko Nunomura,¹Kazuhiro Honda,²Atsushi Takeda,³Keisuke Hirai,⁴Xiongwei Zhu,⁵Mark A. Smith,⁵and George Perry⁵

Received05 Jan 2006

Accepted21 Apr 2006

Published25 May 2006

Abstract

Since 1999, oxidative damage to RNA molecules has been described in several neurological diseases including Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, Down syndrome, dementia with Lewy bodies, prion disease, subacute sclerosing panencephalitis, and xeroderma pigmentosum. An early involvement of RNA oxidation of vulnerable neuronal population in the neurodegenerative diseases has been demonstrated, which is strongly supported by a recent observation of increased RNA oxidation in brains of subjects with mild cognitive impairment. Until recently, little is known about consequences and cellular handling of the RNA damage. However, increasing body of evidence suggests detrimental effects of the RNA damage in protein synthesis and the existence of several coping mechanisms including direct repair and avoiding the incorporation of the damaged ribonucleotides into translational machinery. Further investigations toward understanding of the consequences and cellular handling mechanisms of the oxidative RNA damage may provide significant insights into the pathogenesis and therapeutic strategies of the neurodegenerative diseases.

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Copyright © 2006 Akihiko Nunomura et al. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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