DNA Vaccines: Developing New Strategies against Cancer

Table 2

DNA Vaccine Enhancing Strategies.

Strategy	Approach	Indication	References
Routes of administration	intramuscular/EP	prostate cancer; B-cell lymphoma	[46–48]
	intradermal/EP	prostate cancer; colon cancer	[49, 50]
	gene gun	cervical cancer	[51, 52]
	tattoo perforating needle	melanoma	[53]
	intratumor	melanoma; renal carcinoma	[54, 55]
	high-pressure liquid delivery	B-cell lymphoma;	[50, 56]
		colon cancer
Genetic immunomodulators as Adjuvants	cytokine	liver cancer; prostate cancer; melanoma; B-cell lymphoma	[56–62]
	chemokine	B-cell lymphoma	[63]
	T cell helper epitopes	prostate cancer; follicular lymphoma; colon carcinoma	[46, 47, 64, 65]
	Toll-receptor ligands	lung carcinoma	[66]
	heat shock proteins	cervical cancer	[67]
Prime-boost strategy	plasmid DNA/plasmid DNA+EP	prostate cancer; colon cancer	[46, 47, 50]
	plasmid DNA/recombinant protein	prostate carcinoma; breast cancer	[68] NCT00363012
	plasmid DNA/viral vector	liver cancer; melanoma; prostate carcinoma	[58, 60, 69]
	viral vector/plasmid DNA	prostate cancer	[59]