There Goes the Neighborhood: Pathological Alterations in T-Tubule Morphology and Consequences for Cardiomyocyte Handling
Figure 4
Dyssynchronous Ca2+ transients in failing cardiomyocytes. (a) Simultaneous imaging of T-tubules stained with di-8-ANEPPS and Ca2+ transients in fluo-4-AM loaded myocytes using confocal line scans. The position of the line scan is indicated as a vertical dotted line in T-tubule images, and T-tubules appear as horizontal lines in line-scan images. In myocytes from mice with congestive heart failure (CHF) following myocardial infarction, Ca2+ release was delayed in regions lacking T-tubules (right panel), but was synchronous in sham-operated controls (left panel), from [44]. (b) Regions of delayed Ca2+ release were also observed in cardiomyocytes from spontaneously hypertensive rats with heart failure (SHR/HF), but not in controls (Wistar-Kyoto (WKY) rats). From [47] Copyright (2006) National Academy of Sciences, USA. All figures are reproduced with permission.
