Synthetic Biology Guides Biofuel Production

Figure 2

Metabolic schematic for direct photosynthetic biofuel production. Biofuel production pathways for traditional fermentative processes (grey), nonfermentative higher chain alcohols (green), isoprenoid fuels (blue), and fatty acid fuels (red) from CO₂ through photosynthesis. Abbreviations: 2 KIV (2-ketoisovalerate), 3PG (3-phosphoglycerate), ACP (acyl carrier protein), CoA (coenzyme A), DMAPP (dimethylallyl diphosphate), G3P (glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate), PSI (photosystem I), PSII (photosystem II), and RuBP (ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate).