Force Transmission between Synergistic Skeletal Muscles through Connective Tissue Linkages

Figure 1

The different pathways via which force generated within muscle fibers can leave the muscle to be transmitted to the skeleton. Two epimuscular pathways are distinguished. (i) Intermuscular: force transmission between two neighboring muscles via the continuous connective tissue at their muscle belly interface. (ii) Extramuscular: force transmission between a muscle and adjacent nonmuscular structures. The term epimuscular myofascial force transmission is used to indicate transmission via inter- or extramuscular pathways.