BioMed Research International

Research Article

The Anticaries Effect of a Food Extract (Shiitake) in a Short-Term Clinical Study

Table 1

Number of salivary and plaque microorganisms and proportions of microorganisms after baseline, the three test periods (shiitake, placebo, positive control (AmF-SnF2; Pos Ctrl)) and three washout periods (washout shiitake, washout placebo, and washout positive control) for GOT ( 𝑛 = 3 0 ) and ACTA ( 𝑛 = 3 5 ). Mean ± SD.
City/microorganismsTest session
BaselineShiitakeWashoutPlaceboWashoutPos. Ctrl.Washout
shiitakeplaceboPos. Ctrl.
GOT
Mutans streptococci (log CFU/mL) 4 . 8 ± 1 . 2 5 . 0 ± 1 . 0 4 . 8 ± 1 . 0 4 . 9 ± 1 . 1 4 . 9 ± 1 . 2 4 . 5 ± 1 . 2 4 . 8 ± 1 . 0
Lactobacilli (log CFU/mL) 3 . 6 ± 1 . 4 3 . 8 ± 1 . 3 3 . 8 ± 1 . 2 3 . 8 ± 1 . 3 3 . 7 ± 1 . 4 3 . 8 ± 1 . 4 3 . 5 ± 1 . 3
Total streptococci (log CFU/mL) 7 . 4 ± 0 . 5 7 . 6 ± 0 . 4 7 . 5 ± 0 . 4 7 . 5 ± 0 . 4 7 . 6 ± 0 . 3 7 . 2 ± 0 . 8 1 7 . 5 ± 0 . 4
Total oral flora (log CFU/mL) 8 . 0 ± 0 . 3 8 . 1 ± 0 . 3 8 . 1 ± 0 . 3 8 . 0 ± 0 . 3 8 . 1 ± 0 . 3 7 . 8 ± 0 . 6 3 8 . 0 ± 0 . 3
Total streptococci/total flora (%) 3 5 . 2 ± 1 9 . 4 4 1 . 0 ± 1 9 . 8 3 0 . 1 ± 1 6 . 0 3 2 . 5 ± 1 2 . 6 3 5 . 0 ± 1 9 . 0 3 1 . 9 ± 3 0 . 2 4 0 . 4 ± 2 3 . 7
Mutans streptococci/total streptococci (%) 1 . 1 ± 1 . 7 0 . 7 ± 0 . 9 1 . 1 ± 2 . 5 0 . 8 ± 1 . 1 1 . 1 ± 1 . 6 0 . 8 ± 1 . 5 0 . 7 ± 1 . 4
ACTA
Universal probe counts (log10 CFU) 7 . 8 ± 0 . 3 7 . 9 ± 0 . 5 7 . 8 ± 0 . 5 7 . 8 ± 0 . 5 7 . 8 ± 0 . 6 7 . 1 ± 0 . 8 3 7 . 9 ± 0 . 4
L. casei (log10 CFU) 2 . 1 ± 1 . 0 1 . 6 ± 1 . 2 1 . 3 ± 1 . 2 1 . 9 ± 1 . 0 1 . 5 ± 1 . 1 1 . 5 ± 1 . 1 3 1 . 4 ± 1 . 2
V. dispar (log10 CFU) 6 . 5 ± 0 . 6 6 . 6 ± 0 . 9 6 . 5 ± 0 . 7 6 . 5 ± 0 . 8 6 . 6 ± 0 . 8 5 . 4 ± 1 . 1 3 6 . 5 ± 0 . 6
N. subflava (log10 CFU) 6 . 7 ± 0 . 9 6 . 4 ± 1 . 1 2 6 . 7 ± 0 . 9 6 . 7 ± 0 . 9 6 . 7 ± 0 . 9 5 . 1 ± 1 . 0 1, 3 6 . 9 ± 0 . 7
A. naeslundii (log10 CFU) 5 . 1 ± 1 . 2 5 . 1 ± 1 . 0 5 . 0 ± 1 . 1 5 . 0 ± 1 . 2 5 . 0 ± 1 . 3 4 . 0 ± 1 . 6 3 4 . 9 ± 1 . 0
P. intermedia (log10 CFU) 0 . 7 ± 1 . 1 0 . 7 ± 1 . 2 0 . 8 ± 1 . 3 0 . 6 ± 1 . 0 0 . 8 ± 1 . 2 0 . 1 ± 0 . 6 3 0 . 7 ± 1 . 3
S. sanguinis (log10 CFU) 5 . 9 ± 0 . 5 5 . 9 ± 0 . 6 5 . 7 ± 0 . 6 5 . 8 ± 0 . 6 5 . 9 ± 0 . 7 4 . 7 ± 1 . 0 1, 3 5 . 9 ± 0 . 5
S. mutans (log10 CFU) 1 . 3 ± 2 . 2 1 . 4 ± 2 . 4 1 . 6 ± 2 . 4 1 . 2 ± 2 . 2 1 . 6 ± 2 . 5 0 . 7 ± 1 . 8 1 . 3 ± 2 . 4
1Statistically significantly different from shiitake group (GOT 𝑃 < 0 . 0 5 (ANOVA), ACTA 𝑃 < 0 . 0 1 (GLM-RM test)).
2Statistically significantly different from placebo group (ACTA 𝑃 < 0 . 0 5 (GLM-RM test)).
3Statistically significantly different from shiitake and placebo groups (GOT 𝑃 < 0 . 0 0 1 respective 𝑃 < 0 . 0 1 (ANOVA), ACTA 𝑃 < 0 . 0 0 1 (GLM-RM test)).