The Bioethanol Industry in Sub-Saharan Africa: History, Challenges, and Prospects

Table 1

Properties of bioethanol as a transport fuel.

Desired fuel property	Traditional fuel property	Bioethanol-fuel property	Reference
High octane number	88	107	[6, 10]
High oxygen content	2.7% (w/w)	35% (w/w)	[6, 53]
Low energy content	31.3 MJ/dm^3	21.2 MJ/dm^3	[12]
High Latent heat of vaporization	0.30 MJ/kg	0.91 MJ/kg	[6, 54]
Low heating value	43.0 MJ/kg	26.7 MJ/kg	[6, 54]