Posterior Circulation Stroke: Animal Models and Mechanism of Disease

Table 1

Posterior circulation syndromes and associated brain region, clinical signs.

Syndrome(s)	Vessel(s)	Brain region(s)	Contralateral sign(s)	Ipsilateral sign(s)
None	VA, PICA	Cerebellum	None	Truncal, leg, and gait ataxia/dystaxia
Medial medullary, Wallenberg	ASA, VA, PICA	Caudal Medulla	Any sensory input loss hemiplegia	Horner’s syndrome, tongue weakness, dysphagia, hoarseness, loss of facial sensation, nystagmus, vertigo, ataxia
Locked-in, Foville, Millard-Gubler, Marie-foix	BA, AICA	Pons	Loss of pain or temperature sensation, hemiplegia	Facial or lateral gaze weakness, dysarthria, hemiplegia, ataxia
Parinaud, Benedikt, Weber,; Claude	PCA	Midbrain	Tremor, hemiplegia, motor deficit, cerebellar ataxia	Paralysis of gaze and accommodation, fixed pupils, CNIII palsy
Dejerine-Roussy	PCA	Thalamus	Pain syndrome, any sensory input loss	None
Balint, Anton	PCA	Occipital, Temporal lobes	Vision loss, blindness denial	Vision and eye movement loss, misinterpretation of visual objects, blindness denial, loss of visual-motor coordination

VA: vertebral artery; PICA: posterior inferior cerebellar artery; ASA: anterior spinal artery; BA: basilar artery; AICA: anterior inferior cerebellar artery; PCA: posterior cerebral artery; CNIII: cranial nerve three.