Cell and Molecular Biology Underpinning the Effects of PEDF on Cancers in General and Osteosarcoma in Particular

Figure 2

PEDF apoptotic pathways. This schematic chart of apoptotic pathways represents concise information from various sources [5, 14–17]. PEDF apoptotic pathways. PEDF has been noted to induce apoptosis in mammalian cells via these pathways. It can directly stimulate Bax activity, inhibit Bcl-2, signal through PPARγ to activate p53, signal through p38, FasL, and finally through JNK to block c-FLIP. All these pathways culminate in apoptosis.