Glutamine and Alanyl-Glutamine Increase RhoA Expression and Reduce Clostridium difficile Toxin-A-Induced Intestinal Epithelial Cell Damage

Figure 1

Atomic force microscopy (AFM) analysis of IEC-6 normal cell morphology with height scale (color bar): 2000 nm (a) and image of normal IEC-6 cell in 3D view (b). Effect of 1 h exposure with TcdA (100 ng/mL) on IEC-6 cell morphology with height scale (color bar): 4000 nm (c) and image of IEC-6 cell treated with TcdA (100 ng/mL) in 3D view (d). The images were obtained using AFM in contact mode (scan size 50×50 μm²).

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