|
| Authors | Sample (criteria) | Treatments | Measure | Variables |
|
| Szabadi et al. 1976 [28] | Depressed = 4 (NS)
Controls = 4 | Amitriptyline | Automatic speech
HDRS | Speech pause time
Phonation time |
| Greden et al. 1981 [29] | MDD = 36 (RDC)
24 UP/12 BP
Controls = 19 | NS | Automatic speech
HDRS | Speech pause time
Phonation time |
| Hardy et al. 1984 [22] | MDD = 16 (DSM III) | Clomipramine
Mianserin ECT | Automatic speech
HDRS
SRRS | Speech pause time
Phonation time |
| Hoffmann et al. 1985 [23] | MDD = 22 (RDC)
12 UP/10 BP
Controls = 15 | Drug-free | Automatic speech
SRRS
DST/REM | Speech pause time
Phonation time
Cortisol levels
REM latency |
| Nilsonne 1987 [30] | MEL = 8 (RDC)
non-MEL = 8 | Antidepressant
Neuroleptics
Lithium | Automatic speech
CPRS | Speech pause time
Phonation time
FO |
| Nilsonne 1988 [31] | MEL = 21 (DSM III)
non-MEL = 7 | Antidepressant
Neuroleptics | Automatic speech
Free speech | Speech pause time
Phonation time
FO
5P |
|
Kuny St. and Stassen 1993 [32] | MDD = 30 (ICD)
Controls = 30 | Antidepressant | Automatic speech
HDRS | Speak flow
Prosody |
| Flint et al. 1993 [33] | MDD = 30 (DSM III-R)
+aged > 60
Controls = 30
Parkinsonian = 30 | Antidepressant | Automatic speech
HDRS | F2
Spirantization
Voice onset time |
| Alpert et al. 2001 [34] | MDD = 12 (DSM III-R)
+aged over 60
+HDRS ≥ 20 | Sertraline
Nortriptyline | Automatic speech
Free speech
HDRS | Fluency and prosody at day 0 and week 12
|
| Cannizzaro et al. 2004 [35] | Depressed = 7 (NS)
+ HDRS ≥ 17 | NS | Free speech
HDRS | Speech pause time
Phonation time
FO |
| Hergueta et al. 1996 [36] | MDD = 40 (DSM IV)
Controls = 40 | Tricyclics
IMAO
SRRI | Gait analysis | Spatial and temporal parameters of gait |
| Lemke et al. 2000 [37] | MDD = 12 (DSM IV)
Controls = 16 | Amitriptyline
Paroxetine
Doxepin | Gait analysis | Stride length
Gait velocity
Double limb support |
| Hausdorff et al. 2004 [38] | MDD = 32 (DSM IV)
Controls = 18 | NS | Gait analysis | Stride time variability
Swing time variability |
| Lecrubier 2006 [39] | Depressed = 26 (NS)
Controls = 18 | Antidepressant | Gait Analysis before and after treatment | Speed of propulsion of heel
Stride length |
| Royant-Parola et al. 1986 [26] | UP = 12 (DSM III) | Tricyclics
Mianserin
Benzodiazepine |
ActimetrySRRS | Level of activity
Index of immobility |
| Dantchev et al. 1992 [25] | MDD = 13
(DSM III-R) | Trimipramine |
ActimetrySRRS
MADRS | Level of activity
Index of immobility |
|
Raoux 1994 [24] | MDD = 26
(DSM III-R)
+MADRS > 25 | Tricyclics |
ActimetrySRRS | Level of activity
Index of immobility |
| Volkers et al. 2003 [40] | MDD = 67 UP (DSM IV)
Controls = 67 | Drug-free |
ActimetrySADS | Level of activity
Fragmentation index |
| Iverson 2004 [41] | MDD = 48 (DSM IV)
Controls = 25 | NS |
Actimetry | Level of activity |
| Lemke et al. 1997 [13] | MEL = 16 (DSM IV) | Antidepressant
Benzodiazepine |
ActimetryMAACL | Level of activity
|
| Lemke and Schleidt 1999 [42] | MDD = 12 (DSM IV)
Controls = 30 | Amitriptyline | Video analysis of limb movements | Unit of action |
|
Aybek et al. 2008 [43] | MDD = 4 (DSM IV)
Controls = 7 | NS | Movements of the limbs | Velocity and amplitude of the movements |
| van Hoof et al. 1993 [44] | MDD = 20
(DSM III-R)
Controls = 20 | Clomipramine
Amitriptyline
Neuroleptics | Drawing tasks
SRRS | Movement time
Reaction time
Reinspection time |
| Sabbe et al. 1996 [45] | MDD = 22
(DSM III-R)
Controls = 22 | Fluoxetine
Benzodiazepine
Neuroleptic | Drawing tasks
SRRS | Movement time
Reaction time |
| Sabbe et al. 1999 [46] | MDD = 30
(DSM III-R)
Controls = 30 | Fluoxetine
Benzodiazepine
Neuroleptic | Drawing tasks | Movement time
Velocity |
| Pier et al. 2004 [47] | MEL = 20 (DSM IV)
non-MEL = 18
Controls = 38 | Hypnotic | Drawing tasks
SRRS | Movement time
Reaction time
Reinspection time |
| Pier et al. 2004b [48] | MDD = 12 (DSM IV)
+age > 65
Controls = 12 | Antidepressant
Neuroleptic
Mood stabilizer | Drawing tasks
SRRS | Movement time
Reaction time
Reinspection time |
| Mergl et al. 2004 [49] | MDD = 37 (ICD 10) | Antidepressant
Mood stabilizer | Drawing tasks
Writing tasks | Kinematic parameters |
| Hoffstaedter et al. 2012 [50] | MDD = 20 (ICD 10)
Controls = 20 | Antidepressant
Mood stabilizer
Antipsychotic | Motor tasks
Combined motor and cognitive measures | Reaction time
Movement time
Error rates |
| Schwartz et al. 1976 [51] | Depressed = 12 (NS)
Controls = 12 | None | Facial EMG during the generation of affective imagery | EMG patterns |
| Sweeney et al. 1998 [52] | MDD = 29
(DSM III-R) | None | Eye tracking | Latency of eye movements |
| Mahlberg et al. 2001 [53] | Depressed = 32 (NS)
Controls = 42 | NS | Eye tracking | Pro-saccades
Predictive saccades |
| Winograd-Gurvich et al. 2006 [54] | MEL = 10 (DSM IV)
non-MEL = 9 | NS | Eye tracking | Latency of eye movements |
| Blackburn 1975 [55] | Depressive UP and BP: 106 (NS) | NS | Nufferno speed test
Gibson spiral maze | Reaction time |
| Cornell et al. 1984 [56] | MEL = 14 (DSM III)
non-MEL = 14
(DSM III)
Controls = 14 | None | Reaction choice test | “Motor” RT
“Cognitive” RT |
| Smith et al. 1994 [57] | MDD = 36 (DSM III)
Controls = 36 | Antidepressant | Signal detection time
SRRS
MADRS | False alarms
Omissions |
|
Moffot et al. 1994 [12] | MEL = 20
(DSM III-R)
Controls = 20 | Antidepressant
Mood stabilizer | Tests at 8 PM and AM
DSST
CANTAB
Strength | Reaction time
Movement time |
|
Smith et al. 1995 [58] | MEL = 32
(DSM III-R)
+MADRS > 22
Controls = 32 | Antidepressant
Benzodiazepine | Modified version of the Posner test
SRRS | Reaction time |
|
Brebion et al. 1995 [59] | MDD = 29
(DSM III-R)
Controls = 26 | Antidepressant
Anxiolytic | Reaction time task
SRRS
MADRS | Reaction time |
| Brébion et al. 1997 [60] | MDD = 26
(DSM III-R)
+MADRS > 20
Controls = 26 | Antidepressant
Benzodiazepine | Recognition memory task
SRRS | Index of response bias
Index of discrimination |
| Lemelin et al. 1996 [61] | MDD = 30 (DSM IV)
Controls = 30 | None | Stroop test
SRRS | Reaction time
Interference score |
| Lemelin and Baruch 1998 [62] | MDD = 30 (DSM IV)
Controls = 34 | None | Stroop test
SRRS | Reaction time
Interference score |
| Bonin-Guillaume et al. 2008 [63] | MDD = 16 (DSM IV)
+GDS > 11
+age > 65
Controls = 16 | NS | Reaction time task
SRRS | Reaction time |
|
Chen et al. 2013 [64] | MDD = 33 (DSM IV)
Controls = 30 | Antidepressant
| Ego-rotation and object-rotation tasks | Reaction time
Error rates |
| Caligiuri and Ellwanger 2000 [65] | MDD = 36 (DSM IV)
Controls = 22 | Antidepressant
Neuroleptic
Benzodiazepine | Wrist movements | Reaction Time
Movement time |
| van Hoof et al. 1998 [66] | MDD = 20
(DSM III-R)
Schizophrenic = 20 | Antidepressant
Neuroleptic
Benzodiazepine | DSST
SRRS | Observation time
Writing time |
| Rogers et al. 1987 [67] | MDD = 30 (RDC)
Parkinson = 20
Controls 30 | Antidepressant
Benzodiazepine
Mood stabilizer
Neuroleptic | DSST
WBS | Reaction time
Movement time |
| Rogers et al. 2000 [68] | MEL = 12 (DSM IV)
non-MEL = 12
Controls = 24 | Antidepressant
Benzodiazepine
Mood stabilizer | Reaction time task
CORE | Reaction time |
| El Massioui et al. 1996 [69] | MDD = 8
(DSM III-R)
+score SRRS > 27
Controls = 9 | None | Event-related potential | Reaction time
Amplitude and latency of P3, N1, and N2 |
| Bange and Bathien 1998 [70] | MDD = 23 (DSM III-R)
Controls = 20 | Antidepressant
Mood stabilizer | Event-related potential | Reaction tme
Amplitude and latency of P3, N1, and N2 |
| Schrijvers et al. 2009 [71] | MDD = 26 (DSM IV)
Controls = 26 | NS | EEG
Drawing tasks | Error Negativity (Ne)
Reaction time |
|
