New Morphological Features for Grading Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinomas

Table 11

The statistics for lumen features and the results of F-test.

Lumen Features	Normal   (df = 79)	Grade 1  (df = 79)	Grade 2  (df = 79)	F-tests (𝜇𝑁=𝜇𝐺1=𝜇𝐺2)
	𝑁(C.I)	𝐺1(C.I)	𝐺2(C.I)	F-value
Area  (μm^2)	3.78𝐸+04(±9.35𝐸+03)	6.77𝐸+04(±1.23𝐸+04)	1.19𝐸+05(2.54𝐸+04)	4.00𝐸+01^∗
Perimeter  (μm)	1.49𝐸+03(±1.78𝐸+02)	2.09𝐸+03(±1.74𝐸+02)	2.73𝐸+03(2.69𝐸+02)	6.05𝐸+01^∗
Width  (μm)	1.86𝐸+02(±2.64𝐸+01)	2.73𝐸+02(±2.93𝐸+01)	3.66𝐸+02(4.70𝐸+01)	4.48𝐸+01^∗
Height  (μm)	1.79𝐸+02(±1.99𝐸+01)	2.39𝐸+02(±2.31𝐸+01)	3.05𝐸+02(2.78𝐸+01)	4.88𝐸+01^∗
MajorAxis  (μm)	2.29𝐸+02(±2.94𝐸+01)	3.36𝐸+02(±3.23𝐸+01)	4.36𝐸+02(5.01𝐸+01)	5.10𝐸+01^∗
MinorAxis  (μm)	1.83𝐸+02(±2.09𝐸+01)	2.42𝐸+02(±2.01𝐸+01)	3.20𝐸+02(2.99𝐸+01)	5.70𝐸+01^∗
Circularity	1.86𝐸−01(±1.10𝐸−03)	1.82𝐸−01(±2.70𝐸−03)	1.83𝐸−01(2.59𝐸−03)	5.91𝐸+00^∗
Feret’s diameter  (μm)	5.31𝐸+02(±6.42𝐸+01)	7.53𝐸+02(±6.43𝐸+01)	9.84𝐸+02(1.00𝐸+02)	5.87𝐸+01^∗
Skewness	2.15𝐸−01(±1.71𝐸−01)	−7.27𝐸−01(±1.91𝐸−01)	−9.88𝐸−01(1.71𝐸−01)	8.79𝐸+01^∗
AspectRatio	1.25𝐸+00(±5.58𝐸−02)	1.41𝐸+00(±1.12𝐸−01)	1.38𝐸+00(1.10𝐸−01)	5.68𝐸+00^∗
Roundness	8.15𝐸−01(±3.22𝐸−02)	7.47𝐸−01(±4.62𝐸−02)	7.60𝐸−01(4.53𝐸−02)	5.21𝐸+00
Solidity	1.00𝐸+00(±0.00𝐸+00)	1.00𝐸+00(±0.00𝐸+00)	1.00𝐸+00(0.00𝐸+00)	1.00𝐸+00
AtypiaRatio	5.11𝐸−02(±1.09𝐸−02)	2.72𝐸−01(±6.89𝐸−02)	4.69𝐸−01(7.09𝐸−02)	9.22𝐸+01^∗
#AtypiaRegions	7.50𝐸−02(±1.39𝐸−01)	2.48𝐸+00(±5.56𝐸−01)	4.84𝐸+00(6.39𝐸−01)	1.61𝐸+02^∗
RMSAA	1.03𝐸+00(±2.60𝐸−01)	8.85𝐸+00(±2.97𝐸+00)	1.88𝐸+01(3.63𝐸+00)	7.51𝐸+01^∗
TSAV  (rad)	1.95𝐸+02(±1.88𝐸+02)	8.65𝐸+03(±3.45𝐸+03)	2.61𝐸+04(6.45𝐸+03)	6.80𝐸+01^∗

∗It indicates features whose null hypothesis was rejected with F-value > 𝐹_0.01(2,237).