Acute and Subchronic Toxicity Study of Euphorbia hirta L. Methanol Extract in Rats

Table 5

Effect of Euphorbia hirta extract on hematological parameters in subchronic toxicity study.

	Unit	Control	Euphorbia hirta
			50 mg/kg	250 mg/kg	1000 mg/kg^a	1000 mg/kg^b
Male
Haemoglobin	g/L	144.30±2.91	143.00±3.36	151.40±4.12	148.80±3.35	138.30±4.92
Total red blood cells	10^12/L	7.84±0.18	7.75±0.18	8.22±0.26	8.14±0.18	7.55±0.27
Packed cell volume	L/L	0.45±0.01	0.44±0.01	0.46±0.01	0.47±0.01	0.44±0.01
Mean corpuscular volume	fL	57.70±0.45	57.00±0.65	56.50±0.70	57.30±0.73	58.60±0.99
Mean corpuscular Hb	pg	18.50±0.17	18.50±0.22	18.40±0.16	18.30±0.26	18.30±0.34
Mean corpuscular Hb conc	g/L	319.60±2.29	323.80±1.81	327.00±2.05	319.50±3.28	313.30±3.08
Red blood cells Distribution width	%	15.55±0.39	15.32±0.32	15.47±0.45	16.96±0.34	16.24±0.40
Total white blood cells	10^9/L	5.00±0.76	4.99±0.87	5.97±0.91	4.77±0.26	5.72±0.75
Neutrophils	%	26.90±2.05	32.70±1.67	28.60±1.11	31.7±1.91	28.00±2.67
Lymphocytes	%	69.20±2.22	62.00±1.78	67.30±1.41	64.8±2.25	66.50±2.63
Monocytes	%	2.70±0.40	4.10±0.77	3.60±0.65	2.10±0.41	3.80±0.36
Platelet count	10^9/L	926.60±42.34	980.80±51.44	1005.20±37.24	968.70±27.91	947.20±48.18
Female
Haemoglobin	g/L	143.70±4.05	140.50±2.95	142.30±3.45	144.80±4.87	142.70±4.24
Total red blood cells	10^12/L	7.60±0.23	7.48±0.16	7.45±0.17	7.65±0.26	7.31±0.23
Packed cell volume	L/L	0.44±0.01	0.44±0.01	0.44±0.01	0.46±0.01	0.45±0.01
Mean corpuscular volume	fL	58.30±0.63	58.20±0.79	59.10±0.60	60.20±0.70	62.20±1.07
Mean corpuscular Hb	pg	18.80±0.20	18.70±0.15	19.20±0.20	18.90±0.10	19.60±0.16
Mean corpuscular Hb conc	g/L	324.40±1.67	323.30±3.96	323.30±1.71	314.90±3.02	314.90±4.23
Red blood cell distribution width	%	14.01±0.30	13.48±0.19	13.19±0.22	14.8±0.25	15.07±0.38
Total white blood cells	10^9/L	6.53±1.54	7.30±1.19	5.19±0.73	6.33±1.01	8.09±1.03
Neutrophils	%	24.50±1.86	22.20±3.34	23.00±1.80	28.50±4.43	20.30±1.94
Lymphocytes	%	69.90±1.64	71.60±3.28	71.00±2.13	65.50±4.80	74.30±2.26
Monocytes	%	4.40±0.43	5.80±0.80	5.00±0.60	3.70±0.58	3.90±0.55
Platelet count	10^9/L	890.40±68.48	914.20±24.01	931.30±50.95	831.50±86.06	927.10±33.27

Values are expressed as mean ± SEM (𝑛=10 for each group).
^aA group was treated with methanol extract of Euphorbia hirta at 1000 mg/kg/day for 90 days.
^bA satellite group was treated with the methanol extract of Euphorbia hirta at 1000 mg/kg/day for 90 days followed by no treatment for 28 days.
^∗𝑃 values < 0.05 were considered significant using one way ANOVA followed by Tukey’s multiple comparison tests. Asterisks denote significant difference compared to control.