Endothelial Gene Expression and Molecular Changes in Response to Radiosurgery in In Vitro and In Vivo Models of Cerebral Arteriovenous Malformations
Figure 2
Apoptosis of AVM vessels induced by radiosurgery. Caspase-3 was examined immunohistochemically in AVM vessels before and after radiosurgery at 25 Gray. The intensity of immunofluorescence of AVM vessels was quantified using a confocal microscope. The intensity of immunofluorescence of AVM vessels observed before irradiation was arbitrarily assigned as 100%. Data were expressed as means ± SE of 4 rats at each time point. There was a positive correlation between the intensity of immunofluorescence of AVM vessels and time (, ), suggesting that apoptosis of AVM vessels was increasing with time over a period of 42 days after radiosurgery.
