Review Article

Hydroquinone: Environmental Pollution, Toxicity, and Microbial Answers

Table 1

Hydroquinone properties.

ParametersReferences

Other namesDihydroxybenzene, 1,4-benzenediol, 1,4-dihydroxybenzene, -benzenediol

Molecular weight110.11 g/mol

289 nm[25]

Melting point169°C[26]
173-174°C[27]

Boiling point286°C[26]
287°C at 101.3 kPa[28]

Density1.300 kg/m3[28]
1.341 kg/m3[26]
1.332 kg/m3 at 15°C[27]

Vapour pressure2.34 10−3 Pa at 25°C[26]
2.40 10−3 Pa at 25°C[27]

Partition coefficient 0.50–0.61[26]
0.59[28]

Water solubility73 g/L at 25°C[26]
59 g/L at 25°C[28]

pH4.0–7.0[26]

[26]
[28]

Dipole moment0.0 D[28]

Polarity/polarizability parameter0.21 ± 0.02 cm3[28]

Standard electrode potential of half reaction for benzoquinone and hydroquinone0.714 V[29]