BioMed Research International

Research Article

Composted versus Raw Olive Mill Waste as Substrates for the Production of Medicinal Mushrooms: An Assessment of Selected Cultivation and Quality Parameters

Table 4

Data from mushrooms production experiment evaluating cultivation parameters for four selected strains (one per species: P.cs: Pleurotus cystidiosus; P.er: P. eryngii; P.os: P. ostreatus; P.pl: P. pulmonarius; A.cl: Agrocybe cylindracea) and seven cultivation substrates (WS: wheat straw; TPOMW: raw two-phase olive mill waste; cTPOMW: composted two-phase olive mill waste). Values are expressed as means ± standard errors of means, . Lack of letters in common indicates statistically significant differences (Gabriel's -test, ) for comparisons of treatment means between different species (capital letters) and for the same species (lowercase letters).


Substrates	Species	Earliness (days)	Cropping period (days)	Yield 1st flush (g)	Yield 2nd flush (g)	Yield 3rd flush (g)	Total yield (g)	BE %	Mushroom weight (g)

WS	P.er.	38.33 ± 1.45^ab.B	23.33 ± 0.88^a.B	186.42 ± 13.34^b.AB	78.04 ± 12.04^bc.A	nd	264.47 ± 23.89^ab.A	87.52 ± 7.65^ab.AB	26.65 ± 1.38^a.A
	P.os.	26.00 ± 1.16^a.A	30.67 ± 1.76^a.BC	164.60 ± 6.28^cd.B	39.18 ± 2.45^bc.A	8.87 ± 1.30^cd.A	212.65 ± 9.93^cd.A	70.18 ± 3.28^cd.B	6.01 ± 0.31^a.B
	P.pl.	29.33 ± 1.20^a.A	35.00 ± 1.53^a.C	224.33 ± 13.44^ab.A	65.97 ± 9.25^ab.A	11.68 ± 1.90^c.A	301.97 ± 24.52^abc.A	99.66 ± 8.09^abc.A	4.20 ± 0.32^a.B
	A.cl.	37.67 ± 1.45^a.AB	24.67 ± 0.88^a.AB	168.75 ± 5.25^bc.B	40.86 ± 8.21^cd.A	nd	209.61 ± 8.34^bc.A	69.17 ± 2.75^bc.B	3.36 ± 0.20^a.B

TPOMW 20%	P.er.	43.00 ± 1.00^bc.B	27.67 ± 1.67^ab.A	195.72 ± 13.55^ab.A	95.54 ± 11.07^b.A	nd	291.25 ± 24.17^ab.A	96.12 ± 7.98^ab.A	18.32 ± 1.17^b.A
	P.os.	31.00 ± 1.16^ab.A	35.00 ± 2.08^ab.AB	215.31 ± 13.05^abc.A	67.38 ± 6.61^b.A	43.21 ± 6.46^a.A	325.90 ± 15.87^ab.A	107.56 ± 5.24^ab.A	5.71 ± 0.17^a.B
	P.pl.	34.33 ± 1.20^ab.A	37.67 ± 2.19^a.B	249.61 ± 15.66^ab.A	76.55 ± 6.48^a.A	26.36 ± 1.53^ab.B	352.52 ± 23.33^ab.A	116.34 ± 7.70^ab.A	3.41 ± 0.21^a.BC
	A.cl.	43.67 ± 0.88^b.B	32.00 ± 1.53^bc.AB	222.71 ± 22.46^ab.A	82.32 ± 7.60^ab.A	nd	305.03 ± 16.97^a.A	100.67 ± 5.60^a.A	2.48 ± 0.14^b.C

TPOMW 40%	P.er.	47.33 ± 1.20^c.B	33.00 ± 1.00^b.A	164.99 ± 18.85^b.A	43.81 ± 3.67^cd.A	nd	208.80 ± 22.31^b.A	68.91 ± 7.36^b.A	15.96 ± 0.42^bc.A
	P.os.	34.33 ± 0.88^b.A	38.67 ± 0.88^bc.BC	196.73 ± 12.79^bc.A	44.11 ± 6.75^bc.A	13.84 ± 1.86^cd.A	254.68 ± 20.26^bc.A	84.05 ± 6.69^bc.A	5.92 ± 0.18^a.B
	P.pl.	34.33 ± 1.20^ab.A	40.67 ± 1.20^a.C	207.24 ± 19.69^ab.A	41.67 ± 3.14^bc.A	13.00 ± 1.98^c.A	261.92 ± 21.95^bc.A	86.44 ± 7.24^bc.A	3.95 ± 0.10^a.C
	A.cl.	42.33 ± 0.88^b.B	34.33 ± 1.20^c.AB	225.09 ± 16.26^ab.A	67.57 ± 8.73^abc.A	nd	292.65 ± 23.56^ab.A	96.58 ± 7.77^ab.A	2.35 ± 0.06^b.D

TPOMW 60%	P.er.	55.67 ± 0.88^d.B	46.33 ± 0.88^c.A	78.73 ± 4.51^c.B	14.76 ± 1.05^d.B	nd	93.49 ± 5.56^c.B	30.85 ± 1.84^c.B	13.50 ± 0.17^c.A
	P.os.	40.33 ± 0.88^c.A	45.00 ± 1.16^c.A	109.44 ± 7.26^d.A	20.63 ± 1.11^c.B	7.38 ± 1.26^d.A	137.46 ± 7.18^d.A	45.37 ± 2.37^d.A	5.20 ± 1.16^a.B
	P.pl.	43.67 ± 1.20^c.A	51.67 ± 1.20^b.B	100.55 ± 7.22^c.AB	17.40 ± 2.04^c.B	9.41 ± 0.91^c.A	127.35 ± 7.77^d.AB	42.03 ± 2.56^d.AB	3.39 ± 0.08^a.C
	A.cl.	52.67 ± 0.88^c.B	43.67 ± 0.88^d.A	128.41 ± 6.03^c.A	31.07 ± 1.93^d.A	nd	159.48 ± 7.96^c.A	52.63 ± 2.63^c.A	1.99 ± 0.07^b.D

cTPOMW 20%	P.er.	36.67 ± 0.33^a.B	23.33 ± 1.45^a.A	228.10 ± 16.12^ab.A	134.83 ± 6.96^a.A	nd	362.93 ± 22.99^a.A	119.78 ± 7.59^a.A	17.43 ± 0.35^bc.A
	P.os.	27.67 ± 1.20^a.A	32.33 ± 0.88^ab.B	279.73 ± 16.50^a.A	105.36 ± 7.68^a.AB	25.01 ± 3.45^bc.A	410.09 ± 26.49^a.A	135.34 ± 8.74^a.A	5.51 ± 0.16^a.B
	P.pl.	30.00 ± 0.58^a.A	34.00 ± 1.00^a.B	271.49 ± 11.94^a.A	83.64 ± 6.30^a.B	26.04 ± 3.68^ab.A	381.16 ± 21.37^a.A	125.80 ± 7.05^a.A	3.41 ± 0.21^a.C
	A.cl.	39.67 ± 0.88^ab.B	25.67 ± 0.88^a.A	280.03 ± 20.58^a.A	97.87 ± 10.20^a.AB	nd	377.91 ± 30.62^a.A	124.72 ± 10.10^a.A	2.36 ± 0.11^b.C

cTPOMW 40%	P.er.	39.67 ± 0.88^ab.B	26.67 ± 0.33^a.A	266.96 ± 20.66^a.A	96.73 ± 4.88^b.A	nd	363.69 ± 24.71^a.A	120.03 ± 8.16^a.A	17.35 ± 0.86^bc.A
	P.os.	30.00 ± 0.58^ab.A	34.00 ± 0.58^ab.B	245.06 ± 17.84^ab.A	102.04 ± 4.27^a.A	33.01 ± 3.58^ab.A	380.10 ± 23.60^a.A	125.45 ± 7.79^a.A	5.45 ± 0.19^a.B
	P.pl.	32.00 ± 0.58^ab.A	35.00 ± 1.16^a.B	255.60 ± 9.78^ab.A	68.71 ± 7.19^ab.B	28.72 ± 2.74^a.A	353.03 ± 13.32^ab.A	116.51 ± 4.39^ab.A	3.83 ± 0.11^a.BC
	A.cl.	40.67 ± 0.33^ab.B	27.33 ± 1.20^ab.A	274.36 ± 9.33^a.A	78.05 ± 5.10^ab.AB	nd	352.41 ± 11.89^a.A	116.31 ± 3.92^a.A	2.34 ± 0.08^b.C

cTPOMW 60%	P.er.	43.00 ± 1.53^bc.B	28.67 ± 0.78^ab.A	199.66 ± 10.40^ab.A	66.57 ± 5.70^bc.A	nd	262.89 ± 15.32^ab.A	86.76 ± 5.05^ab.A	17.35 ± 0.86^bc.A
	P.os.	34.67 ± 0.88^b.A	36.33 ± 0.88^ab.BC	192.17 ± 17.71^bc.A	59.27 ± 9.41^b.A	16.03 ± 1.84^cd.A	267.47 ± 28.37^bc.A	88.27 ± 9.36^bc.A	5.92 ± 0.18^a.B
	P.pl.	36.33 ± 1.20^b.A	39.00 ± 0.58^a.C	184.82 ± 16.55^b.A	44.83 ± 4.90^bc.A	16.57 ± 2.46^bc.A	246.22 ± 22.72^c.A	81.26 ± 7.50^c.A	4.22 ± 0.06^a.BC
	A.cl.	43.00 ± 0.58^b.B	32.33 ± 1.45^bc.AB	236.32 ± 15.00^ab.A	54.82 ± 4.69^bcd.A	nd	291.14 ± 19.69^ab.A	96.09 ± 6.50^ab.A	2.40 ± 0.15^b.C