Dengue in the United States of America: A Worsening Scenario?

Table 1

Dengue activity in the continental USA between 1780 and 2013.

Year(s)	Activity reported	References
1780	Dengue suspected in Philadelphia, PA	[19]
1826	USA ports report 1st dengue outbreak	[20]
1827-1828	Epidemic in Southern USA	[20]
1845	Dengue reported in St. Louis, MO	[20]
1850-1851	1st report of dengue epidemic inland (including GA and MS), epidemic in Southern USA, New Orleans, LA, and along South Coast	[20]
1870–1872	Epidemic in Southern USA	[20]
1873	Dengue reported in LA, AL, and MS; ≈40,000 cases reported in New Orleans	[20]
1879-1880	Epidemic in Southern USA	[20]
1885-1886	Dengue in gulf ports of TX, dengue in Austin, 16,000 estimated cases of 22,000 inhabitants	[20]
1897–1903	Epidemic in Southern USA, TX most heavily affected	[20]
1904	Dengue reported in FL and TX	[20]
1916	Fatal case of possible DHF reported in TX	[20]
1922	Dengue epidemic, 500,000 to 600,000 cases in TX, 30,000 in Galveston, and 7,561 in LA	[20]
1923	1,376 dengue infections reported in LA	[20]
1924	1 dengue case in LA	[20]
1941–1944	Texas and gulf states involved in epidemic	[20]
1945	Last continental epidemic of dengue reported in LA	[20]
1980	1st indigenous dengue cases in USA since 1945 (Brownsville, TX), DENV-1 isolated	[21]
1981	DENV-4 cases reported, 1st isolation of DENV-4 in the USA	[20]
1982	1st reports of DENV-2 in the USA	[20]
1983	1st reports of DENV-3 in the USA	[20]
1986	DENV-1 reported in TX	[22]
1987	Autochthonous dengue reported in TX	[20]
1990	DENV-1, -2, and -3 isolated in the USA, reports of 102 dengue cases	[20]
1991	DENV-1 and DENV-3 isolated in the USA, 25 dengue cases reported	[20]
1994	91 cases of dengue, DENV-2 and -3 isolated in the USA	[20]
2005	First case of autochthonous DHF case reported in TX	[23]
2009–2011	Autochthonous dengue transmission in FL, DENV-1 isolated. DENV-1 isolated from a blood donor from Key West, FL in 2010	[24–26]
2012	4 DENV cases reported in FL, 2 of them in Miami-Dade	[26]
2013*	No indigenous dengue cases reported	[25]

Adapted from [20].
AL: Alabama, FL: Florida, GA: Georgia, LA: Louisiana, MO: Missouri, MS: Mississippi, PA: Pennsylvania, and TX: Texas.
∗As of May 10, 2013.