Analysis of Risk Factors for First Seizure after Stroke in Chinese Patients

Table 1

Characteristics of patients with poststroke seizure at baseline.

Characteristics	Early seizure (𝑛=123)		Late seizure (𝑛=109)
	𝑛	%	𝑛	%
Signs and symptoms
Headache	17	(13.8)	11	(10.1)
Dizziness	11	(8.9)	3	(2.8)
Nausea, vomiting	9	(7.3)	0	(0)
Altered consciousness	21	(17.1)	0	(0)
Speech deficits	36	(29.3)	15	(13.8)
Cranial nerve palsy	89	(72.4)	57	(52.3)
Limb paresis	89	(72.4)	82	(75.2)
Hemianopia	5	(4.1)	1	(0.9)
Ataxia	18	(14.6)	8	(7.3)
Hemihypesthesia	67	(54.5)	62	(56.9)
EEG
Diffuse slowing	51	(41.5)	16	(14.7)
Focal slowing	21	(17.1)	29	(26.6)
Epileptiform activity
Ictal activity	11	(8.9)	9	(8.3)
Focal sharp and slow waves	13	(10.6)	22	(20.2)
Focal spikes & slow waves	18	(14.6)	2	(1.8)
Focal sharp waves	5	(4.1)	13	(11.9)
Focal spike waves	3	(2.4)	11	(10.1)
PLEDs	1	(0.8)	7	(6.4)
Seizure type
Secondarily generalized tonic-clonic seizures	43	(35.0)	37	(34.0)
Simple partial seizures	23	(18.7)	54	(49.5)
Complex partial & tonic-clonic seizures	57	(46.3)	18	(16.5)
Stroke types
Cerebral infarction	48	(39.0%)	48	(44.0%)
Cerebral hemorrhage	45	(36.6%)	47	(43.1%)
Hemorrhagic infarction	2	(1.6%)	3	(2.8%)
Cerebral hemorrhage with cerebral infarction	2	(1.6%)	2	(1.8%)
Subarachnoid hemorrhage	26	(21.1%)	9	(8.3%)
Lesion location on CT
Cortical area	48	(39.0)	51	(46.8)
Subcortical area	26	(21.1)	14	(12.8)
Cerebellum	0	(0)	1	(0.9)
Brain stem	0	(0)	0	(0)
Multiple sites	49	(39.9)	43	(39.5)
Lobe of lesion*
Frontal	41	(33.3)	33	(30.5)
Parietal	38	(30.9)	35	(32.4)
Occipital	15	(12.2)	12	(11.1)
Temporal	29	(23.6)	28	(25.9)

PLEDs: periodic lateralized epileptiform discharges. *One patient with late seizure had cerebellar stroke.