| | First author | Year | SCI Models | Main graft | Transplantation methods | Pre-differentiation or pretreated | Combination | Tissue sparing | Neuronal regeneration | Axonal regeneration
/remyelination | Sensory function | Motor function | Cavity and/or scare formation | Inflammation | Others |
| | Nakajima, [58] | 2012 | T9-T10, contusion-rats | Rats bMSCs | Lesion epicenter
i. medu. | — | — | Imp. | — | Imp. | — | Imp. | Imp. | Shifting of macrophage phenotype | — | | Karaoz, [59] | 2012 | T9–T11, contusion-rats | Rats bMSCs | Lesion epicenter
i. medu. | — | — | Imp. | — | — | — | Imp. | — | — | Only Nestin+/GFAP+ astrocytic-like cells were observed | | Park, [60] | 2010 | T9, contusion-rats | Rats bMSCs | Lesion epicenter
i. medu. | — | — | — | No Imp. | — | — | more rapid restora-
tion* | — | Decreased nr. of macrophages and monocytes | No bladder function improvement | | Abrams, [61] | 2009 | T11-12, contusion-rats | Rats bMSCs | Lesion site, rostral and caudal
i. medu. | — | — | — | — | — | Partially Imp. | Imp. | Imp. | Attenuated chronic inflammation | — | | Kang, [62] | 2012 | T8–10, contusion-rats | Rats bMSCs | i.v. | — | — | — | No Imp. | — | — | Imp. | — | — | — | | T8–10, contusion-rats | Rats bMSCs | Rostral and caudal
i. medu. | — | — | — | NeuN+ differentiation | — | — | Imp. | — | — | Expression of BDNF and NGF | | Osaka, [63] | 2010 | T9, contusion-rats | Rats bMSCs | i.v. | — | — | — | — | — | — | Imp. | Imp. | — | — | | Mothe, [64] | 2011 | T8-9, clip compression-rats | Rats bMSCs | i. thec. | — | — | — | No Imp. | Imp. | — | — | — | — | — | | Boido, [65] | 2012 | T9, compressed-mice | Mice bMSCs | Lesion site,
i. medu. | — | — | Imp. | No Imp. | — | Imp. | Imp. | — | — | — | | Gu, [66] | 2010 | T9, contusion-rats | Rats bMSCs | Rostral and caudal
i. medu. | — | — | Imp. | No Imp. | Imp. | Imp. | Imp. | Imp. | — | Expression of BDNF and GDNF | | Alexanian, [67] | 2011 | T9, contusion-rats | Human bMSCs | Rostral and caudal
i. medu. | Neural differentiation | — | Imp. | Imp. | — | No Imp. | Imp. | Imp. | — | — | | Ban, [68] | 2011 | T9, contusion-rats | Rats bMSCs | Lesion epicenter
i. medu. | — | MSCs + SCs | — | — | Imp. | — | Imp. | Imp. | — | — | | Cho, [69] | 2009 | T9, contusion-rats | Rats bMSCs | Lesion epicenter
i. medu. | Neural differentiation | — | — | Imp. | — | — | Imp. | — | — | Improvements in SSEPs and MEPs | | Pedram, [70] | 2010 | T8-9, catheter compression-rats | Rats bMSCs | Rostral and caudal
i. medu. | Neural differentiation | Differentiated and undifferentiated MSCs | — | Imp. | — | — | Imp. | — | — | — | | Liu, [71] | 2011 | T9, contusion-rats | Rats bMSCs | Lesion epicenter
i. medu. | bFGF-transfection | — | — | Imp. | Imp. | — | Imp. | — | — | — | | Zhang, [72] | 2012 | T9, ethidium bromide-induced demyelination-rats | Rats bMSCs | Lesion site,
i. medu. | NT-3-transfection | — | — | Imp. | Imp. | — | Imp. | — | — | Improvements in SCEPs | | Zeng, [73] | 2011 | T8, complete transection-rats | Human bMSCs | Lesion site,
i. medu. | — | Scaffolds + MSCs | — | Imp. | Imp. | — | Imp. | Imp. | Decreased nr. of macrophages and microglial | Enhanced angiogenesis | | Kang, [74] | 2012 | T8-9, complete removal of a 2-mm length of spinal cord | Human bMSCs | Lesion site,
i. medu. | — | Scaffolds + MSCs | — | Imp. | Imp. | — | Imp. | — | — | Improvements in MEPs | | Park, [75] | 2012 | L2-3 balloon catheter compression-dogs | Canine aMSCs | Lesion site,
i. medu. | Neural differentiation | Matrigel + neural-induced MSCs | — | Imp. | — | — | Imp. | Imp. | Decreased expression of inflammation markers | Increased expression of neurotrophic markers | | Guo, [76] | 2011 | T9, contusion-rats | Human uMSCs | Lesion epicenter
i. medu. | Schwann-like cells | NT-3 + huMSC-derived Schwann-like cells | — | Imp. | — | — | Imp. | — | — | — | | Shang, [77] | 2011 | T9, contusion-rats | Human uMSCs | Lesion epicenter
i. medu. | NT-3-transfection | — | — | Imp. | Imp. | | Imp. | Imp. | — | — | | Lee, [78] | 2011 | L2-3 balloon catheter compression-dogs | Human uMSCs | Lesion site, rostral and caudal
i. medu. | — | — | — | Imp. | Imp. | | Imp. | — | — | Expression of BDNF and NT-4 |
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